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Science 1st Semester > 1st Quarter exam > Flashcards

1st Quarter exam Flashcards

0
Q

You use a triple beam balance to measure what?

A

Mass

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1
Q

Using any of your senses to gather information

A

Observation

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2
Q

You use a digital scale to measure what?

A

Weight and mass

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3
Q

You use a graduated cylinder to measure what?

A

Volume

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4
Q

Line graphs are powerful tools because they

A

Display data that shows how one variable (DV) changes in response to another variable (IV)

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5
Q

A scientific hypothesis must be

A

Able to be tested

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6
Q

The one factor that a scientist changes during an experiment

A

Independent variable

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7
Q

The factor that changes as a result to the independent variable in an experiment

A

Dependent variable

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8
Q

The manipulated variable

A

Independent variable

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9
Q

The responding variable

A

Dependent variable

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10
Q

How do scientists gain scientific knowledge?

A

New evidence or new interpretations of existing evidence are discovered

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11
Q

The purpose of repeating experimental trials is

A

That it helps you make sure your results won’t change

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12
Q

The purpose of replicating trials is

A

That if a scientist gets the same result, it is more likely that your experiment is correct

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13
Q

How are some scientists alike or different?

A

They study the same or different areas of science

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14
Q

Studies the history of the Earth and structure

A

Geologist

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15
Q

Studies plant life

A

Botanist

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16
Q

Uses similar methods like fieldwork, lab work, research, and modeling.

A

Geologist and botanist

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17
Q

What is the basis for all scientific explanations?

A

Empirical evidence

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18
Q

Name one reason that scientific theories are changed?

A

Different interpretations of previous evidence are discovered

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19
Q

Why would a scientist use a model in his or her investigation?

A

To understand things that cannot be observed directly

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20
Q

What are some examples of models?

A

Three-dimensional objects, equations, diagrams, etc.

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21
Q

What is the difference between a law or theory? Give an example of each.

A

A theory is a well tested explanation and a law is a statement that describes something that happens every time under a set of conditions. A theory is the big bang theory and a law is the law of gravity

22
Q

Why isn’t the law of gravity a theory?

A

It describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it

23
Q

The data and observations that have been collected through scientific processes. A body of knowledge that collects overtime

A

Empirical evidence

24
Q

Students want to learn if a certain plant will grow better under green light. They create two groups of plants, the first group A, they placed under regular white light and the second group B, they put under green lights. What is the independent variable? Dependent variable? What group is the control group?

A

The independent variable is the color light; the dependent variable is the growth of the plants; group A under the regular white light is the control group

25
Q

Why do you need a control group?

A

To show what the result would be under regular conditions

26
Q

What is true about every energy transformation?

A

Energy is conserved

27
Q

What is the name of the law that explains that energy is conserved?

A

The law of conservation of energy

28
Q

In a hydroelectric plant, the mechanical energy in moving water is transform into

A

Electrical energy

29
Q

What energy transformation takes place when coal is burn I’m a power plant? Or when anything is burned?

A

Chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy

30
Q

What is the name of energy that is stored between two atoms?

A

Chemical energy

31
Q

Why does a sheet of sandpaper become warm when you rub it against wood?

A

The mechanical energy is converted to thermal energy

32
Q

A scientific theory might be changed if

A

Data from new experiments do not support the theory

33
Q

The purpose of repeated experimental trials is to

A

Validate conclusions

34
Q

Which of the following best describes the relationship between scientific theories and laws?

A

Theories explain a range of observations

35
Q

What can happen when enough heat is added to or removed from a system?

A

The substances in a system will change state

36
Q

What causes changes of state in a system?

A

Thermal energy

37
Q

Heat transfer occurs _____________ and does not happen _____________.

A

Constantly; randomly

38
Q

Heat can only transfer in one direction. What direction is this?

A

From hot to cold

39
Q

What are the ways heat can transfer?

A

Conduction, convection, and radiation

40
Q

A scientist conducts the same experiment as another scientist

A

Replication

41
Q

A scientist conducts their own experiment over and over

A

Repetition

42
Q

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object

A

Temperature

43
Q

Temperature, Thermal energy, and heat are __________________.

A

Closely related but are not the same thing.

44
Q

The total energy of all the particles in an object

A

Thermal energy

45
Q

The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object

A

Heat

46
Q

Potential energy stored in chemical bonds. An example is gasoline.

A

Chemical energy

47
Q

Results from charged particles that run through conducting materials.

A

Electrical energy

48
Q

Travels through space in waves. An example is radio waves.

A

Electromagnetic energy

49
Q

Joules are used to measure _________.

A

Heat

50
Q

Heat will stop conducting when both objects are __________________.

A

The same temperature

51
Q

Occurs when heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another within or between two objects

A

Conduction

52
Q

The transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, does not require matter.

A

Radiation

53
Q

Occurs when warmer particles rise and cooler ones fall in fluids like water or air. It creates a circular motion called a current.

A

Convection

Science 1st Semester (4 decks)

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