1st Pericardial Diseases

Question 1

Name the two types of pericarditis

Answer 1

Acute

Chronic

Question 2

Constrictive pericarditis makes the pericardium become what?

Answer 2

Thickened

Scarred

Question 3

Constrictive pericarditis is an example of heart failure due to what?

Answer 3

Diastolic dysfunction

Question 4

A “swinging heart” can be seen with what kind of pericardial disease?

Answer 4

Pericardial Effusion- Tamponade

Question 5

What structure can be used to help determine the difference between a pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion?

Answer 5

The descending aorta. Pleural effusion is posterior to the descending aorta and a pericardial effusion is anterior to the descending aorta.

Question 6

M-mode of a pericardial effusion is a key tool that aids in ruling out what finding?

Answer 6

Rules out the collapse of the RV free wall.

Question 7

In cases of pericardial tamponade respiratory variance can be seen using Doppler. Respiratory variance appears as a ________ kind of motion.

Answer 7

Wavelike motion

Question 8

What does the term cardiomegaly mean?

Answer 8

Enlarged heart

Question 9

What percentage is considered to be marked respiratory variance?

Answer 9

> 25%

Question 10

When determining the size of a pericardial effusion what is the range for a moderate size PE?

Answer 10

1-2 cm

Question 11

What is the “hallmark” sign of constrictive pericarditis?

Answer 11

Jugular vein distention.