1st and 2nd year Flashcards
What are the branches of the arch of the aorta?
Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery
3 parts of the top of the aorta
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Descending aorta
What do the pulmonary arteries receive?
Deoxygenated blood from right ventricle and deliver it to the lungs for gas exchange to take place
What level does the pulmonary trunk split and what does it split into?
T5-T6
Right and left pulmonary arteries
What do the pulmonary veins receive?
Oxygenated blood from the lungs, delivering it to the left side of the heart to be pumped around the body
What part of the heart is posterior and forms the posterior surface of the heart?
Left atrium
What is the most anterior part of the heart forming the anterior surface?
Right ventricle
What are attached to the papillary muscles?
Chordae tendinae
What nerves are found over the heart?
Purkinje fibres
Layers of the heart
Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium
Two layers of pericardium around the heart
Fibrous on outside
Serous parietal
Serous visceral
Nerve roots of phrenic nerve
C3-C5
Where is tricuspid valve found?
Between right atrium and ventricle
Where is mitral valve found?
Between left atrium and ventricle
Veins of the heart
Small cardiac vein
Great cardiac vein
What is at the end of the right coronary artery?
Right marginal artery
What does the left coronary artery split into?
Left anterior descending artery
Left marginal artery
How many lobes do the lungs have?
Right - 3
Left - 2
What fissure does the left lung have?
Oblique fissure
What two fissures does the right lobe have?
Oblique fissure
Horizontal fissure
What two curvatures does the stomach have?
Greater curvature
Lesser curvature
Two sphincters of the stomach
Inferior oesophageal sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
Type of muscle of the oesophagus
Superior 1/3rd = voluntary striated muscle
Middle 1/3rd = voluntary striated muscle and smooth muscle
Inferior 1/3rd = smooth muscle
Order of small intestine
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Parts of duodenum
Superior
Descending
Inferior
Ascending
What is the caecum?
Proximal part of the large intestine
Attaches large intestine to the ileum
Parts of large intestine
Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid
What is on the large intestine to differentiate it from the small intestine?
Omental appendicies
Haustra
Teniae coli
What type of muscle are the two anal sphincters?
Internal anal sphincter - involuntary circular smooth muscle
External anal sphincter - Voluntary muscle
Lobes of liver
Left
Right (big one)
Caudate
Quadrate
What ligament goes down the liver?
Falciform ligament
What forms the common bile duct?
Common Hepatic duct
Cystic duct
Function of gallbladder
Storage and concentrate bile
Parts of the pancreas
Uncinate process Head Neck Body Tail
Where do the kidneys lie?
T12 - L3
Where do the renal arteries arise?
From abdominal aorta near the superior mesenteric artery
Order of meninges outside to inside
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
3 parts of the pituitary gland
Pituitary stalk
Anterior pituitary gland
Posterior pituitary gland
Suture going down middle of skull
Sagital suture
Suture at back of head
Lambdoid suture
Suture at front of head
Coronal suture
What bones come together at the pterion?
Frontal
Parietal
Sphenoid
Temporal
What are the 3 salivary glands?
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
What connects the lateral ventricle to the 3rd ventricle?
Foramen of munro
Two sulci of the brain
Central sulcus
Lateral sulcus
