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organic chem 1 > 1st > Flashcards

1st Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a double bond equivalent

A

number of molecules of H2 that must be added to:
- convert all pi bonds to single bonds
- to turn all cyclic structures acyclic
eg: to fully saturate the molecule

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2
Q

what’s another name for double bond equivalence

A

degree of unsaturation

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3
Q

double bond equivalence equation for majority 🌷

A

(2n + 2) + number of Hs // 2
n=number of carbons

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4
Q

double bond equivalence equation with N🌷

A

(2n + 3) - number of Hs // 2

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5
Q

when should u draw Hs in a molecule

A
  • in a mechanism
  • acidity
  • hydrogen nmr
  • functional group
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6
Q

neutral oxygen has

A

2 bonds
2 lone pairs

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7
Q

oxygen with one bond🌷

A

anion

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8
Q

oxygen with 3 bonds

A

oxonium cation

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9
Q

hydrogen is … valent

A

monovalent
- only forms 1 single bond

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10
Q

nitrogen is … valent with …

A

trivalent!!
- with one lone pair of electrons

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11
Q

nitrogen with 4 bonds

A

tetravalent cation

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12
Q

nitrogen with 2 bonds

A

divalent anion
eg: after deprotonation

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13
Q

more than 1 functional group!! how do we name the molecule

A

order functional groups alphabetically

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14
Q

alcohol addition to name

A

ol

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15
Q

amine addition to name

A

amine

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16
Q

aldehyde addition to name

A

al

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17
Q

ketone addition to name

A

one

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18
Q

carboxylic acid addition to name

A

oic acid

19
Q

alkene addition to name

A

ene

20
Q

nitrile addition to name

A

nitrile

21
Q

alkyne addition to name

A

yne

22
Q

scroot for describing smt as primary

A

n!
- 1-lithiobutane
- n-butyllithium

23
Q

scroot for describing smt as secondary

A

sec/ s
- 2-lithiobutane
- sec-butyl-lithium

24
Q

scroot for naming smt tertiary

A
  • tert/ t
  • 2-lithio-2-methylpropane
  • tert-butylithium
25
Q

constitutional isomers

A

same formula but atoms are connected differently

26
Q

iso

A

used when smt is bonded to the 2nd C in a Propyl group ( C3H7)

27
Q

iso example

A

propan-2-ol
isopropanol
OH bonded to 2nd C on propane

28
Q

toluene🌷

A

methyl benzene
- methane attached to benzene ring

29
Q

group attached to toluene

A

we call toluene ‘benzyl’ group
eg: benzylamine

30
Q

oxidation state of CH4

A

+4 as the C has 4 bonds

31
Q

oxidation level

A

depends on how many bonds C has to a HETEROATOM

32
Q

HETEROATOM🌷

A

anything but C or H

33
Q

C bonded to 1 heteroatom is has a …. oxidation level

A

alcohol oxidation level

34
Q

double bonds with HETEROATOMS count as

A

2 single bondsss

35
Q

C bonded to 2 HETEROATOMS has a … oxidation state🌷

A

aldehyde oxidation state

eg: imines + acetals

36
Q

C bonded to 3 HETEROATOMS has a …. oxidation state

A

carboxylic acid oxidation state

37
Q

benzene is more stable than cyclohexane bccccc

A

it’s aromatic 🌸

38
Q

unlike cyclohexane, benzene isssss🌷

A

flat 🚪

39
Q

why is benzene flat??🌷

A

to allow resonance of the p orbitals 🔂

40
Q

what do u call benzene if there is another group bonded to it 🫣

A

phenyl group
Ph

41
Q

double bond equivalent value of double bond

A

1

42
Q

double bond equivalent value of triple bond

A

2

43
Q

double bond equivalent value of ring

A

1

44
Q
A

organic chem 1 (8 decks)

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