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Geography GCSE > 1GB1: Development Dynamics > Flashcards

1GB1: Development Dynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What does the economic aspect of development mean?

A

Progress in economic growth (how wealthy a country is, use of technology)

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2
Q

What does the social aspect of development mean?

A

Improvement in people’s standard of living
(Better healthcare, clean water)

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3
Q

What does the political aspect of development mean?

A

Stable political system
Can meet the needs of society

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4
Q

Why can single indicators of a country be misleading?

A

As a country develops, some aspects may develop before others, so a country might seem more developed than it actually is

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5
Q

What is Gross Domestic Product?

A

A total value of goods and services a country produces in a year. It’s often given in US dollars

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6
Q

What is Gross Domestic Product a measure of?

A

Wealth

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7
Q

What happens to Gross Domestic Product as a country develops?

A

Higher

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8
Q

What is GDP per capita?

A

The GDP divided by the population of a country. An economy’s production per person

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9
Q

What is GDP per capita a measure of?

A

Wealth

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10
Q

What happens to GDP per capita as a country develops?

A

Higher

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11
Q

What is Gross National Income and GNI per capita?

A

GDP but including money from overseas

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12
Q

What is Gross National Income and GNI per capita a measure of?

A

Wealth

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13
Q

What happens to Gross National Income and GNI per capita as a country develops?

A

Rises

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14
Q

What is birth rate?

A

Number of live babies born per thousand of the population per year

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15
Q

What is birth rate a measure of?

A

Women’s right

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16
Q

What happens to birth rate as a country develops?

A

Lower

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17
Q

What is death rate?

A

The number of deaths per thousand of the population per year

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18
Q

What is death rate a measure of?

A

Health

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19
Q

What appens to death rate as a country develops?

A

Decreases

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20
Q

What is infant mortality rate?

A

The number of babies who die under 1 year old per thousand babies born

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21
Q

What is infant mortality rate a measure of?

A

Health care

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22
Q

What happens to infant mortality rate as a country develops?

23
Q

What is maternal mortality rate?

A

The number of women who die due to pregnancy related problems per hundred thousand live births

24
Q

What is maternal mortality rate a measure of?

A

Health care

25
What happens to maternal mortality rate as a country develops?
Lower
26
What is ‘doctors per 1000 of population’?
The number of working doctors per thousand of the population
27
What is ‘doctors per 1000 of population’ a measure of?
Healthcare
28
What happens to doctors per 1000 of population as a country develops?
Higher
29
What is the gini coefficient?
A measure of economic inequality 0 - equal 1 - total inequality
30
What is the gini coefficient a measure of?
Inequality
31
What happens to the gini coefficient as a country develops?
Lower
32
What is the gender inequality index?
A number thats calculated using data from: Womens rights Womens access to jobs Womens education Womens health during pregnancy The higher the number: more inequality
33
What is the gender inequality index a measure of?
Womens rights
34
What is the human development index?
Number calculated using: Life expectancy Education Income per head 0 HDI: least developed 1 HDI: most developed
35
What is the human development index a measure of?
Lots of things
36
What is the corruption perceptions index?
A measure of the corruption that is believed to exist in the public sector on a scale of 1-100. Lower score, more corruption
37
What is the corruption perceptions index a measure of?
Corruption
38
What can a countrys level of development suggest?
Growth Age structure Of the population
39
What are features of population development like in developing countries?
Higher fertility and birth rates: no contraception Lots of children - poor healthcare means more infants die Death rate high - poor healthcare More children than old people
40
What is a population pyramid?
visual representation of a population's age and gender makeup More children will mean a larger base Less children will mean smaller base etc.
41
What are examples of emerging countries?
India Russia China
42
What are examples of developing countries?
Chad
43
What are examples of developed countries?
United Kingdom
44
What is the order (from least to most developed) of emerging, developed and developing?
Developing Emerging Developed
45
What are features of population development like in emerging countries?
Fertility rates fall - more contraception Women more equal place in society and education Womens access to work instead of having children Healthcare improves - more life expectancy More people of working age so the population pyramid base would be less in width
46
What are features of population development like in developed countries?
Fertility rates are low People want better quality of life Larger life expectancy so people may be willing to spend more money on their old parents instead of children Good health care - low death rate and high life expectancy Base of the population pyramid narrow and the middle bulges out
47
How can climate affect the development of a country?
If a country has really hot or really cold climate, not much will grow Less food production, malnutrition Malnourished people will have a lower quality of life Fewer crops to sell, less money to spend on goods and services Reduces quality of life
48
How can topography affect the development of a country?
If the land in a country is steep, it will not produce much food Steep land can make it difficult to develop infrastructure Limit trade in roads, powerlines Hard to provide basic services
49
How can education affect the development of a country?
More skilled workforce means a country can offer more goods and services This can bring money in through trade or investment Educated people earn more - more taxes Government can use to spend on development
50
How can health affect the development of a country?
Lack of clean water and poor health care means a lot of people suffer from diseases Ill people cannot work - not contributing to economy Lack of contribution and increased spending on healthcare means less to spend on development
51
How can colonialism affect the development of a country?
Countries that were colonised are often at a lower level of development when they gain independence compared to if they hadn’t been colonised Europe colonised most of africa, removed raw materials and slaves Bad for african development - dependant on europe Famine and malnutrition
52
How can neo-colonialism affect the development of a country?
After colonies gained independance, richer countries continued to control them indirectly TNCs exploit cheap labour and raw materials in poorer countries Poot countries had to develop in the way donors wanted them to
53
How can economic and political affect the development of a country?
Corrupt governemnt can hinder dvelopment - taking money thats supposed to be used on infrastructure/development Good international relations - more trade agreements and can get loans to invest in development projects

Geography GCSE (15 decks)

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