(1c) Changes in society Flashcards
What law was introduced in 1921?
1921 Emergency Immigration Law:
When was the Emergency Immigration Law:
1921
What did the the 1921 Emergency Immigration Law include?
Capped immigrants from European nations to just 3% of the number of nationals that had been in the USA in 1911. Favoured Western Europe.
What act was introduced in 1924?
1924 Johnson-Reed Act:
When was the Johnson-Reed Act?
1924
What did the 1924 Johnson-Reed Act include?
Banned immigration from Japan. Other Asian immigrants had been banned in 19th c.
The fear of what increased after ww1?
Fear of Communism increased in the aftermath of WW1, as did industrial unrest.
What did the Red Scare see?
the Red Scare saw the threat of communist revolution blamed on immigrants. The Palmer Raids arrested 6,000 immigrants largely without reason.
How was communist support exaggerated?
The extent of Communist Support was exaggerated, and industrial unrest and Union action was often over genuine issues such as better pay, not communist revolution.
Who was Saccho and Vanzetti?
two Italian immigrants accused of armed robbery in 1920. Despite little evidence, executed 1927.
What was the KKK?
White supremacist extreme group based in small-town Southern USA.
How many members did the KKK have in 1921?
100,000 members
What did the KKK fear?
Most members feared immigration and felt threatened that black Americans might overtake them in status.
What influence did the KKK have?
During the peak of popularity, the Klan could control politicians and police in certain areas.
What was the impact of the KKK on Black americans?
stimulated increased migration from South to Northern cities. Increased support for, and founding of, civil rights and separatist groups.
Why did the KKK collapse?
Collapsed due to corruption and scandal from leaders of the Klan, by 1929 membership fell to 20,000.
What was the membership of the KKK in 1929?
by 1929 membership fell to 20,000.
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
When was this?
1920 19th Amendment gave women the vote
How many delegates in the House of representatives were women in 1920?
2 out of 432
What were the employment opportunities for women in the 1920’s?
More opportunities but not managerial;
most women still expected to be married and care for children.
Fewer than 100 female accountants.
Many of the lowest paid jobs in domestic service were held by black American women.
What act was introduced in 1921 to do with birth control?
The 1921 Sheppard-Towner Act aided healthcare for pregnant women.
What were flappers?
Give the names of 2
Media interest in “liberated” young women who would attend public places and parties unchaperoned. However, this liberated social behaviour was not reflected in professional jobs or equal opportunities.
Female heroines: Coco Chanel and Clara Bow reinforced this
What survey showed that traditional roles remained in the majority?
Middletown survey of 1929, 89% of girls said they’d like a job but would give it up after marriage
When was the 18th Amendment?
1918
What did the 18th Amendment do?
banned the sale, transportation and manufacture of intoxicating liquor.
Who supported the 18th Amendment?
Supported by groups such as women’s groups, big business and many religious groups who viewed alcohol as causing negative and abusive behaviour.
What were the successes of Prohibition?
Success of Prohibition seen mainly in small, rural towns that remained ‘dry’. Road safety and safety at work improved.
Why did prohibition fail?
- Impossible to police
- Poorly funded
- Smuggling
- Bootleggers
- Moonshine
Estimated that only 5% of illegal alcohol was intercepted.
What did the failure of Prohibition led to?
=Criminalised millions of people who simply wanted a drink. =Mainly working-class saloons closed down =Middle-class speakeasies were successful.
What did Prohibition led to?
Crime and gangsterism:
Lead gangster Al Capone in Chicago did $70 million worth of business. There was also Police and political corruption in urban areas dominated by gangs. Gangsterism continued even after Prohibition ended in 1933.
When did Prohibition end?
What amendment?
Roosevelt ended Prohibition with the 20th Amendment in 1933 - it was then up to individual states to decide.
