(1c) Changes in society

Question 1

What law was introduced in 1921?

Answer 1

1921 Emergency Immigration Law:

Question 2

When was the Emergency Immigration Law:

Answer 2

1921

Question 3

What did the the 1921 Emergency Immigration Law include?

Answer 3

Capped immigrants from European nations to just 3% of the number of nationals that had been in the USA in 1911. Favoured Western Europe.

Question 4

What act was introduced in 1924?

Answer 4

1924 Johnson-Reed Act:

Question 5

When was the Johnson-Reed Act?

Answer 5

1924

Question 6

What did the 1924 Johnson-Reed Act include?

Answer 6

Banned immigration from Japan. Other Asian immigrants had been banned in 19th c.

Question 7

The fear of what increased after ww1?

Answer 7

Fear of Communism increased in the aftermath of WW1, as did industrial unrest.

Question 8

What did the Red Scare see?

Answer 8

the Red Scare saw the threat of communist revolution blamed on immigrants. The Palmer Raids arrested 6,000 immigrants largely without reason.

Question 9

How was communist support exaggerated?

Answer 9

The extent of Communist Support was exaggerated, and industrial unrest and Union action was often over genuine issues such as better pay, not communist revolution.

Question 10

Who was Saccho and Vanzetti?

Answer 10

two Italian immigrants accused of armed robbery in 1920. Despite little evidence, executed 1927.

Question 11

What was the KKK?

Answer 11

White supremacist extreme group based in small-town Southern USA.

Question 12

How many members did the KKK have in 1921?

Answer 12

100,000 members

Question 13

What did the KKK fear?

Answer 13

Most members feared immigration and felt threatened that black Americans might overtake them in status.

Question 14

What influence did the KKK have?

Answer 14

During the peak of popularity, the Klan could control politicians and police in certain areas.

Question 15

What was the impact of the KKK on Black americans?

Answer 15

stimulated increased migration from South to Northern cities. Increased support for, and founding of, civil rights and separatist groups.

Question 16

Why did the KKK collapse?

Answer 16

Collapsed due to corruption and scandal from leaders of the Klan, by 1929 membership fell to 20,000.

Question 17

What was the membership of the KKK in 1929?

Answer 17

by 1929 membership fell to 20,000.

Question 18

What amendment gave women the right to vote?

When was this?

Answer 18

1920 19th Amendment gave women the vote

Question 19

How many delegates in the House of representatives were women in 1920?

Answer 19

2 out of 432

Question 20

What were the employment opportunities for women in the 1920’s?

Answer 20

More opportunities but not managerial;

most women still expected to be married and care for children.

Fewer than 100 female accountants.

Many of the lowest paid jobs in domestic service were held by black American women.

Question 21

What act was introduced in 1921 to do with birth control?

Answer 21

The 1921 Sheppard-Towner Act aided healthcare for pregnant women.

Question 22

What were flappers?

Give the names of 2

Answer 22

Media interest in “liberated” young women who would attend public places and parties unchaperoned. However, this liberated social behaviour was not reflected in professional jobs or equal opportunities.

Female heroines: Coco Chanel and Clara Bow reinforced this

Question 23

What survey showed that traditional roles remained in the majority?

Answer 23

Middletown survey of 1929, 89% of girls said they’d like a job but would give it up after marriage

Question 24

When was the 18th Amendment?

Answer 24

1918

Question 25

What did the 18th Amendment do?

Answer 25

banned the sale, transportation and manufacture of intoxicating liquor.

Question 26

Who supported the 18th Amendment?

Answer 26

Supported by groups such as women’s groups, big business and many religious groups who viewed alcohol as causing negative and abusive behaviour.

Question 27

What were the successes of Prohibition?

Answer 27

Success of Prohibition seen mainly in small, rural towns that remained ‘dry’. Road safety and safety at work improved.

Question 28

Why did prohibition fail?

Answer 28

• Impossible to police
• Poorly funded
• Smuggling
• Bootleggers
• Moonshine

Estimated that only 5% of illegal alcohol was intercepted.

Question 29

What did the failure of Prohibition led to?

Answer 29

=Criminalised millions of people who simply wanted a drink. 
=Mainly working-class saloons closed down
=Middle-class speakeasies were successful.

Question 30

What did Prohibition led to?

Crime and gangsterism:

Answer 30

Lead gangster Al Capone in Chicago did $70 million worth of business. There was also Police and political corruption in urban areas dominated by gangs. Gangsterism continued even after Prohibition ended in 1933.

Question 31

When did Prohibition end?

What amendment?

Answer 31

Roosevelt ended Prohibition with the 20th Amendment in 1933 - it was then up to individual states to decide.