1a. Structure and functions of the musculo-skeletal system Flashcards
What are the Functions of the Skeleton?
Support - Keep us upright and hold the rest of the body in place
Protection - Protect the bodies organs from external forces e.g. cranium protects the brain
Movement - provides anchor point of muscles to pull against
Structure shape and points for attachment - skeleton gives us our general shape such as height and build. Also provides anchor points for muscle attachement
Mineral Storage - Bones store several mineral including calcium and phosphorous
Blood Cell Production - inner marrow of the long bones and ribs produce red and white blood cells
What is the definition of Support?
Bones keep us upright and hold muscles and organs in place
What does Protection mean?
Some bones surrond and protect vital organs from damage
What are long bones?
The bones of the legs and arms. Long bones support the weight of the body and help with gross movements
What are articulating bones? Provide an example.
Where two or more bones meet to allow movement at a joint. EG- humerus and radius/ulna.
Explain the term flexion
Decreasing the angle of the bones at a joint.
Explain the term extension
Increasing the angle of bones at a joint.
Explain the term abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
Explain the term adduction
Movement towards the midline of the body.
Explain the movement plantar flexion
Pointing the toes at the ankle.
What are ligaments?
Bands of fibres that are attached to the bones and link the joints together.
What are tendons?
Very strong cords that join the muscles to the bone
What is an eccentric contraction?
Lengthening of the muscles
What is a concentric contraction
Shortening of the muscles
Explain the term agonist
Muscle or group of muscles responsible for movement.
