Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ph- ELSS > 1a,b,c- Stores+Flows+importance > Flashcards

1a,b,c- Stores+Flows+importance Flashcards

1
Q

Is earth a open or closed system in material

A

Closed = no material can escape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Precipitation

A

Moisture (rain,snow) falling from clouds to ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Interception

A

When precipitation is caught by leaves or branches of vegetation before it hits ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ablation

A

Melting of ice or snow and/or evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Surface run off

A

Flow of rainwater over the ground
- not confined to a channel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Infiltration

A

Movement of water from surface into soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Through flow

A

Movement of water through soil into streams or river channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Percolation

A

Movement of water from soil or surface into rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Groundwater flow

A

Movement of water though stores in bedrock (aquifers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the cryoshere

A

Solid water / ice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lithosphere

A

Land/rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Biosphere

A

Living things/ biomass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hydrosphere

A

Liquid water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Largest store of water is ?

A

Oceans - 97% all water stored in oceans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Largest store of carbon

A

Sedimentary rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Second largest store of carbon

A

Oceans

17
Q

Where does the energy that drives the cycles come from

A

The sun

18
Q

Summary of slow carbon cycle

A

1- Atmospheric CO2 dissolved into oceans = marine organism take this in
2- organisms die + sink to floor = over millions of years pressure converts deposits into sedimentary rock
3- carbon stays there until removed either by human activity or by plate movement or rocks at surface can be weathered

19
Q

Summary of fast carbon cycle

A

All fast process =
Respiration or photosynthesis
Dissolving co2 into water
Combustion

20
Q

Why does precipitation occur

A

When cloud of condensed water gets too heavy for warm air to keep up so falls usually as rain

21
Q

Convection rainfall + why does air rise

A

Sun heats land and air above
= warm air rises cools and condenses = rain can then occur

22
Q

Relief rainfall + why does air rise

A

Warm moist air rises over high areas = air cools + condenses = rains
- on the other side of the high area will be protected from rain

23
Q

Frontal rainfall + why does air rise

A

Warm air forced over cold air = cools and condenses = rain

24
Q

Advection rainfall + why does air rise

A

Warm air does not rise = moves over cold surface + condenses = fog forms

25
Q

Decomposition

A

Rotting/breakdown do organic material releasing CO2

26
Q

Chelation

A

Organic acids produced by organic material reacts with alkaline rocks = release CO2

27
Q

How do oceans act as stores of carbon

A

CO2 diffuses into or out of oceans = depends on concentration + temperature
- water with carbon is denser + sinks = can remain trapped at great depth for centuries
= downwelling

28
Q

How do marine organisms act as carbon stores

A

Phytoplankton absorb CO2 for photosynthesis
= dead organisms die + accumulate on sea floor = under pressure becomes fossil fuel

29
Q

What is the main type of chemical weathering

A

Carbonation = CO2 In rainwater is acidic = turns insoluble alkaline rocks to soluable = can be washed away by rain

30
Q

What percentage of precipitation is recycled by evapo-Transpiration

A

50-60%

31
Q

What is required for water to condense

A

Condensation nuclei

32
Q

What natural climate changes are their

A

Milankovitc cycles = orbital tilt

Every 100,000 years = change in shape of earths Orbit affects the amount of sun radiation reaching surface

Every 40,000 years = change in earths orbital tilt = affects amount of sunlight reaching different parts of earth

33
Q

How long can carbon be stored in rock

A

150 million years
- slow carbon cycle

34
Q

Percent of global water in ocean

A

97%

35
Q

Percentage of global water in aquifers

A

0.8%

36
Q

Describe organic and inorganic carbon pumps in oceans

A

Inorganic = CO2 absorbed transferred to poles by currents where it cools = down welling due to denser water = can remain at depths for centuries = eventually water carried upwards and diffuse back to atmosphere

Organic = CO2 absorbed by photosynthetic organism = organisms die and accumulate on ocean floor = sedimentary rock or oil

37
Q

Why is river discharge and chance of flood highest in spring

A

Winter = freezing of water

During spring when melting increase large impact on surface run off

38
Q

Why is there lower river discharge/Surface run off in summer

A

High rates of evapo-Transpiration

Due to high intensity of solar radiation/temps

Ph- ELSS (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions