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Bristory > 1970-79 > Flashcards

1970-79 Flashcards

1
Q

Result of 1970 election

A

Conservative victory
Heath elected
Majority of 30

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2
Q

Who became chancellor in 1970

A

Anthony Barber

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3
Q

When was the Heath Industrial Relations Act

A

1971

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4
Q

Key points of the Industrial Relations Act

A

Restricted right to strike by introducing new concept of “unfair industrial practice”
A National Industrial Relations Court set up to judge validity of strike action
Unions requires to submit to a government register to retain rights

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5
Q

When did government return to a policy of controlling prices and incomes and why

A

1972

Response to inflation and declining industrial output

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6
Q

When did the Heath strikes begin and why

A

1972

In response to the industrial relations act of 1971

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7
Q

Key features of Heath miners strike

A

Led by National Union of Mineworkers

Arthur Scargill used flying pickets to prevent the movement of coal

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8
Q

When did Britain sign the EEC treaty of ascension and when did they join the EEC

A

1972

New Year’s Day 1973

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9
Q

When was the OPEC crisis

A

1973

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10
Q

Features of OPEC crisis

A

OPEC countrues established greater control over their own oilfields

Arab members used oil as a weapon against the West due to support for Israel, causing oil supplies to the West to be dramatically reduced, causing price rises

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11
Q

When was the 3 day week launched and why

A

1973

In an attempt to outlast the striking miners

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12
Q

Result of the October 1974 election

A

Labour win election
Wilson returns as PM
Majority of 3

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13
Q

What political agreement occurred in 1974

A

The Lib-Lab pact was signed

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14
Q

When was the Northern Ireland Act

A

1974

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15
Q

When we’re the Birmingham pub bombings

A

1974

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16
Q

When was the Prevention of Terrorism Act passed

A

1974

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17
Q

When was the EEC referendum and what was the result

A

July 1975

67% in favour

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18
Q

Result of Feb 1974 election

A

Labour Win
Wilson returns as PM
17 short of majority
Led to Oct 1974 election

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19
Q

When was the referendum on the Irish constitution and what was the result

A

1975

Rejected by unionists

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20
Q

When was the employment discrimination act

A

1975

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21
Q

When was the sex discrimination act

A

1975

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22
Q

When was the social security act

A

1975

23
Q

When was the Social security pensions act

A

1975

24
Q

When did the pounds value drop below $2

A

March 1976

25
Q

When was the Industial Relations Act Repealed

A

1976

26
Q

When did Wilson resign and who replaced him

A

1976

James Callaghan

27
Q

When did Britain negotiate a loan from the IMF, for how much and who did it

A

Dennis Healey
£3billion
Sep 1976

28
Q

When was a wage rise ceiling brought in and for how much

A

Dec 1977
5%

29
Q

When did firefighters strike and what was the fallout

A

1977

Led to state of emergency

30
Q

What strike led to mass picketing and clashes with police (under Callaghan)

A

1977
Gruntwick firm

31
Q

What political change occurred in 1978

A

Labour allowed Lib-Lab pact to lapse
Left Labour relying on the SNP

32
Q

When was the Scottish devolution referendum, what was the result and it’s impact

A

March 1979
Failed to provide clear mandate for devolution

Labour dropped policy- lost SNP support

33
Q

How did strikes at ford end

A

17% pay rise

34
Q

What did the lorry drivers strike threaten to impact and how was it averted

A

Threatened national food supply

Averted by 20% raise

35
Q

When did the government lose a vote of no confidence

A

1979

36
Q

Who was responsible for the Birmingham bombings and how many killed

A

IRA
21 people killed

37
Q

Why did Heath call the Feb 1974 election

A

Designed to give government a mandate against the miners

Led to a battle over inflation

38
Q

When was the Battle of Saltley Gate and what tatics used

A

Arthur Scargill used flying pickets to prevent supplies leaving the plant and cripple the coal industry

Feb 1972

39
Q

What was work-to-rule and when was it used

A

Work-to-rule is doing the Bare minimum as outlined in your contract

Used by the miners after the government introduced 6 month pay freeze in 1973

40
Q

What was Wilson’s social contract

A

A deal between the miners union and government

Government under Labour agreed to repeal 1971 Industrial Relations Act, miners agreed to restraint in demands

41
Q

What pay rise did miners eventually receive

A

35%

42
Q

Example of new right policies under Heath

A

Introduction of Industrial Relations Act

John Davies, career business man,
brought in as Head of Department for Trade and Industry- attempted to avoid bailing out companies

Anthony Barber as chancellor removed the Prices and Incomes board allowing market forces to rule the economy

43
Q

Failures of Heaths new right policy

A

Income running at 15% meant that Heath was forced to rebuild the Prices and Incomes Board and take power off market forces

Forces to bail out Rolls Royce and Upper Clyde Shipbuilders due to political reasons

The toothlessness of Industrial Relations Act and backlash led to union conflict

44
Q

Benefits of EEC membership

A

Gained access to European markets
Could negotiate as part of European block
Gave British people greater opportunity of movement

45
Q

Issues with EEC membership

A

Britains weak negotiating position as could not survive economically on its own

Lost special trade relationship with commonwealth eg Cheap food

Forces to contribute to EEC budget

Higher prices for British consumers

Forces to add VAT

46
Q

Signs of British embarrassment on world stage

A

Arab countries- previously British subjects, held Britain over the barrel and caused political turmoil over oil crisis

Ugandan dictator, former British colony, offered to support Britian economically- major embarrassment

Forced to join EEC from weak position going cap in hand

47
Q

Consequences of IMF loan

A

Loan granted on condition of reduced public spending

Good negotiating meant that cuts less than expected

Britain only ever had to use half of IMF loan and was fully repaid by time Labour left office

48
Q

Events of 22nd Jan 1979

A

1.5 million public sector workers, including grave diggers and bin men, go on strike, painting a visceral image of the failing of the British government

49
Q

Inflation in March 1974

A

17.2%

50
Q

How was labour divided under Callaghan

A

Left- angry over public sector cuts (IMF loan), pro-union and anti EEC

Right- saw the needs for cuts, frustrated by unions and pro EEC

51
Q

Special Relationship under Heath

A

Heath and Nixon distant personally

Britains entrance into the EEC seen as step away from Social relationship in the states

52
Q

Relationship between Ford/Carter and Callaghan

A

Ford and Callaghan Described as close

When Carter took over, diplomatic relationships low key due to economic issues there was still a “very special” relationship

53
Q

When was the last vote of no confidence before 1979

A

1924

54
Q

Strengths of Thatcher 1974-79

A

Working with companies such as Saatchi and Saatchi to produce election posters
Traditional views looked for in troubling circumstances
Offered a route out of economic black hole
Attempted to “restore incentives so that hard work pays”

Bristory (4 decks)

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