1964-70 Flashcards

1
Q

What balance of payments defecit did labour inherit in 1964

A

Defecit of £373million

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2
Q

What was in place of strife

A

In place of strife was a white paper that attempted to prevent future strikes through measures such as balloting of union members.

Poorly received by trade unions and never implemented due to divisions created in cabinet

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3
Q

When was in place of strife published

A

1969

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4
Q

What was included in the Race Relations Act

A

Prohibition of racial discrimination in public, employment and housing
Made inciting racial hatred a criminal offence
Set up a race relations Board with powers to investigate racial discrimination
Created Community Relations Committee to promote inter-racial relations

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5
Q

When was the race relations act and which politicians spearheaded it

A

1965

Roy Jenkins

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6
Q

When was the national plan published

A

1965

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7
Q

Growth target set under the national plan and real growth

A

3.8%

2.2%

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8
Q

When was the seaman’s strike and what other type of strike plagued the government

A

May 1966

Wildcat strikes

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9
Q

When was the abortion act

A

1967

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10
Q

When was the theatres act and what did it do

A

1968

Abolished censorship of theatres

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11
Q

When was the divorce reform act

A

1969

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12
Q

When was the equal pay act

A

1970

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13
Q

When was the national plan abandoned

A

1967

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14
Q

When did Wilson open the Open University and why is this important

A

1960

Allowed people to receive education in a new way, increasing access to higher education, increasing social mobility

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15
Q

How did Wilson overhaul secondary education

A

Wilson scrapped the 11+ system that separated by intellectual ability at 11, replacing it with a series of comprehensives schools

Attempted to create a system of more equal and fair schooling

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16
Q

Issues with Wilson’s secondary school changes

A

The better performing comprehensives began to see nearby house prices increasing, pricing out poorer families and therefore defeating its original purpose

17
Q

What was the national plan

A

The national plan of 1964 set up a department for Economic Affairs, which set out a plan did modernisation, focusing on industry.

Attempted to improve relations between government and unions leading to higher exports

Showed new, confident Government which impressed electorate

18
Q

When did britain get a loan from the IMF and for how much

A

$1 billion

1964

19
Q

When did Wilson devalue the pound and by how much

A

November 1967

14%

20
Q

Why did Wilson not want to devalue the pound

A

Saw the pound as a symbol of national pride

Remembered political fallout when Attlee devalued pound previously- could not have Labour seen as party of devaluation

21
Q

How did Wilson want to improve Britains economy

A

Use the “white-heat of technology”

22
Q

When did Wilson implement a wage freeze

A

1966

23
Q

When was Britain rejected from the EEC (again)

A

1967

24
Q

What was the East of Suez withdrawal

A

In 1969, Britain began to withdraw from all military bases east of the Suez Canal in an attempt to rescue its failing finances

25
Q

Result of 1964 election

A

Labour win
Wilson PM
4 seat majority

26
Q

How were a lot of socially progressive bills introduced, taking credit away from government

A

As private members bills- proposed big backbenchers

27
Q

Result of 1966 election

A

Labour win
98 seat majority

28
Q

Who stood down after devaluation

A

James Callaghan

29
Q

What had Wilson overestimated, leading to devaluation

A

Balance of payments defecit

30
Q

Who was enouch Powell and why was he significant

A

Enouch Powell was a conservative MP who made a speech in 1968 that was perceived as racist and declared “evil” by the Times

However, some commentators believe the speech gained the conservatives 2.5 million votes- a key factor in their election win

31
Q

Where and why did left wing protests against the Vietnam War occur

A

Outside US embassy

1968

32
Q

British actions in Vietnam War

A

They refused to put men on the ground, but offered intelligence support

33
Q

Reaction to British actions in Vietnam war

A

America felt betrayed due to Britains unwillingness to fully commit to their war
British public generally opposed the war- would be happy to see none of their own boys killed
Reversed the trend of Britain being beholden to America

34
Q

British reaction to east of Suez withdrawal

A

Happy to save money at time of economic hardship
Went hand in hand with decolonisation process- were unwilling foreign bases morally justifiable?
Rebooted internal conflict over unilateralism

Opposition- could paint Labour as anti-military

35
Q

International reaction to east of suez withdrawal

A

Allowed america to assume the role of the worlds police force

However weakened their allied structure
Showed britain not fully committed to milliary spending

Increases Soviet power and influence

Left places previously with bases without British money and protection

36
Q

How many labour MPs voted against EEC application

A

10% (36 of 360)