1964-78 Flashcards
When were the Soweto riots
16th June 1976
What were the causes of the Soweto riots
High unemployment in the township and poor education made resentment build up, then when they were told that they had to be taught in afrikaans they snapped
How many students were involved in the Soweto demonstrations
15,000
How many people died in the Soweto riots
The government claimed 600, but it was probably closer to 1,000
What did the police do at Soweto
They fired on the protestors
What were the international consequences of Soweto
There was a huge outcry that countries needed to take stricter action against SA
For example the Sullivan Code in the USA
How did the government respond to Soweto
They ignored the problem and treated the blacks with even more violence
How did blacks respond to Soweto
Riots started all over the country.
They became more militant, determined to change society, many of them were now determined to change society.
When did tutu become secretary-general for the South African council of churches
1978
When did tutu win the Nobel peace prize
1984
Was Desmond tutu pro violence or anti violence
He encouraged non-violence but said he understood why some chose violence
What did tutu do on an international level
He meet with the UN general assembly in NYC and met with Margaret thatcher to press further economic sanctions on SA
What did tutu do in 1986
He diffused the protests in the Alexandra township
What did tutu become
Arch bishop of cape town
Was tutu well liked
Yes - he became a figurehead for the anti aparthied sturggle, but because he was able to mediate conflict with non violence and was successful in collaboration with figures like Mandela and de Klerk
What was the impact of the separate amenities and education acts
Essentially segregation in USA - restriction on every day life (transport, leisure, jobs, health)
How did Biko die and when
In police custody - 1977
What ideas did Steve Biko promote
Black consciousness - the realisation by blacks that they needed to rally with their brothers to beat the cause of their oppression. He wanted the blacks to be self-proud in their efforts, values and traditions
When was SA expelled from the Olympics
1970
What year were the protests against the springbok rugby team playing in the UK
1969
When was Ian Smith driven out of Rhodesia
1980
Why was SA able to withstand economic pressure at first
- Strong economic position
- They produced much of the world’s precious metals and gemstones
- SA had the second most valuable resources (after the USSR)
- The economy grew 6% per year from 61-70
How much on average did the SA economy grow from 1961-70
6% per year
Why did the Cold War help to protect SA
Britain and USA needed to rely on strongly capitalist SA for their resources, their strategic naval position and they thought that if SA fell to communism, these would be lost
