19.6 Flashcards
The embryo is a flat disc of cells of three layers: ___, ___ and ___
Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.
The neural fold closes at different places at different times - defects of neural fold closure include ___ ___ and ___.
Spina bifida and anencephaly.
Prosencephalon = \_\_\_ Mesencephalon = \_\_\_ Rhombencephalon = \_\_\_
Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain
Telencephalon = ___ and ___ ___.
Cortex and basal ganglia.
Diencephalon = ___ and ___
Thalamus and hypothalamus.
Derivatives of the neural crest include:
Peripheral nervous system (e.g. DRG, SNS/PNS ganglia, enteric ganglia, Schwann cells)!
And melanocytes, muscle, cartilage and bone of head/face, dentine.
Neural crest cells migrate down to gut to populate the enteric nervous system - failure of cells to migrate to end of gut tube causes ___ disease.
Hirschsprung’s
The neuroepithelium of the neural tube is ___ cell thick.
One/single.
In the development of the brain, stem cells start in the ___ zone, and proliferate adjacent to the ___ space.
Ventricular zone and proliferate adjacent to the ventricular space.
New cells forming at the ventricular surface migrate ___, out to skin and form new layers on the outer surface of the brain.
Radially
___ glia are a population of neuroepithelium cells that maintain connection with the ___ surface and the surface under the ___.
Radial glia
Connection with ventricular surface and surface under the ectoderm.
___ glia act as a guide for the migration of new neurons.
Radial
Radial glia are ___ cells, form some cells that form layers of brain.
Stem cells.
___ is a guide molecule that directs cells in migration from ventricular zone to outside of brain.
Reelin
Mutation of ___ results in disorders of layers of cortex
Reelin mutation -> profound mental retardation, less white matter and more grey matter.
