19.4

Question 1

The 3 major sutures on the TOP of the skull are the ___, ___ and ___ sutures.

Answer 1

Coronal, sagittal and lambdoid.

Question 2

What bones articulate at the coronal, sagittal and lambdoid sutures?

Answer 2

Coronal - frontal and 2 parietal bones.
Sagittal - 2 parietal bones.
Lambdoid - occipital and 2 parietal bones.

Question 3

What is the name of the H shaped suture on the side of the skull?

Answer 3

Pterion

Question 4

What bones articulate at the pterion?

Answer 4

Frontal, parietal, squamous part of temporal bone and sphenoid bones.

Question 5

The ___ ___ ___ is deep to the pterion.

Answer 5

Middle meningeal artery.

Question 6

The horizontal part of the frontal bone forms the roof of the ___ and part of the cranial ___.

Answer 6

Roof of the orbit and part of cranial floor - called ORBITAL PLATES.

Question 7

On the occipital bone there is an ___ ___ ___ (EOP).

Answer 7

External occipital protuberance.

Question 8

There are 3 processes off the inferior part of the ___ part of the temporal lobe: the ___, ___ and ___ processes.

Answer 8

Off the inferior part of the squamous part of temporal bone.

The zygomatic, mastoid and styloid processes.

Question 9

The zygomatic process is an ___ projection from the temporal bone, and articulates with the cheekbone or ___.

Answer 9

Anterior projection.

Articulates with zygoma.

Question 10

The mastoid process is a ___ projection from the temporal bone, is thick and full of ___ cells, and is the origin for ___ ___of the neck.

Answer 10

Posterior projection.
Full of air cells.
Origin for relatively superficial muscles of the neck e.g. sternocleidomastoid.

Question 11

The styloid process of the temporal bone is a ___ process, and is the origin for ___ ___ of the neck.

Answer 11

Sharp!

Origin for deep muscles of the neck e.g. stylopharyngeus and styloglossus.

Question 12

There is an internal projection of the temporal bone called the ___ part.

Answer 12

Petrous part.

Question 13

The petrous part of the temporal bone forms part of the cranial ___

Answer 13

Floor

Question 14

The sphenoid bone is composed of a ___, ___ and ___ plates.

Answer 14

Body, wings and pterygoid plates (for attachment of mastication muscles and oral and laryngeal structures).

Question 15

There is a depression in the body of the ___ bone for the ___ gland.

Answer 15

Sphenoid bone for pituitary gland.

Question 16

The ___ ___ ___ is between the two wings of the ___bone.

Answer 16

Superior orbital fissure.

Between the two wings of the sphenoid bone.

Question 17

The cranial floor is divided into the anterior, middle and posterior cranial ___.

Answer 17

Fossae, in a step-wise manner.

Question 18

Foramina in the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 18

Cribriform plate (olfactory nerve).

Question 19

Foramina in the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 19

Hypophysial fossa (pituitary gland).
Optic canal (optic nerve, ophthalmic artery).
Superior orbital fissure (nerves to extraocular muscles and branches of trigeminal nerve).
Foramen rotundum (maxillary nerve).
Foramen ovale (mandibular nerve).
Foramen spinosum (middle meningeal artery).

Question 20

Foramina in the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 20

Internal acoustic meatus (facial and vestibulocochlear nerves) - in petrous part of temporal bone.
Jugular foramen (IX, X, XI, internal jugular vein) - between petrous part of temporal bone and occipital bone.
Hypoglossal canal (hypoglossal nerve) - in occipital bone.
Foramen magnum.

Question 21

The extradural space is between the ___ and the skull.

Answer 21

Dura

Question 22

If the middle meningeal artery bleeds, blood collects in the ___ space.

Answer 22

Extradural.

Question 23

If there is a venous haemorrhage, blood collects in the ___ space.

Answer 23

Subdural space between dura and arachnoid.

Question 24

CSF collects in the ___ space.

Answer 24

Subarachnoid space.

Question 25

The 4 major dural septa (i.e. formed by dura, dural reflections!) are the ___ ___, ___ ___, ___ ___ and ___ ___.

Answer 25

Falx cerebri - between left and right cerebral hemispheres.
Tentorium cerebelli - between cerebral hemispheres above and cerebellum below.
Falx cerebelli - between cerebellar hemispheres.
Diaphragma sellae - roof of hypophysial fossa (for pituitary).

Question 26

The venous drainage of the brain is into the ___ ___ ___, and NOT veins.

Answer 26

Dural venous sinuses!!!

Question 27

Dural venous sinuses are ___ lined spaces between the outer ___ layer of dura and inner ___ layer of dura.

Answer 27

Endothelium lined.
Outer periosteal layer.
Inner meningeal layer.