1950s - present Flashcards
What was the “Youthquake”?
The mass young people who shook the world with their ideas.
What was NATO?
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, signed in April 1949 to defend against Russia in the Cold War.
What started the Suez Crisis?
July 26, 1956 - Egyptian government nationalized the Suez Canal, owned by the Franco-British Suez Canal Company, a major blow to their international trade.
What happened in the Suez Crisis?
Britain, France, and Israel plotted. Israel would attack Egypt and France and Britain would step in to safeguard the canal.
Israel attacked on October 29, 1956, and the Franco-Britain coalition sent an ultimatum the next day for them both to withdrawal.
Egypt refused on October 31, and Britain and France started bombing Egyptian airfields.
How was the Suez Crisis resolved?
Lester B. Pearson, Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs, was sent by C PM to resolve the crisis.
November 4, Pearson and his UN colleagues suggested sending an international force to peace-keep and UN approved the proposal.
Troops arrived in mid-November, and a few days later occupying soldiers moved out and negotiations began.
When was the United Nations founded?
1945
When were the three times in Canadian history the War Measures Act was invoked?
During both world wars, and in the 1970 October Crisis.
What was the War Measures Act replaced by in 1988?
The Emergencies Act.
What was the Bloc Quebecois?
The party catering specifically to the needs of Quebec, began in 1990.
Who was first kidnapped in the October Crisis?
On October 5, 1970, the Front de liberation du Quebec kidnapped James Cross, the British trade commissioner in Montreal.
Who was the second person kidnapped in the October Crisis?
On October 10, the FLQ kidnapped Pierre Laporte, Quebec’s Minister of Labour.
Who asked the federal government for help during the October Crisis?
Quebec Premier, Robert Bourasssa.
When did Pierre Trudeau invoke the War Measures Act?
On October 16, 1970.
What did the War Measures Act allow the government to do during the October Crisis?
Arrest and hold any member of FLQ without bail for up to 90 days, and imprison FLQ members for up to 5 years.
When and where was the body of Pierre Laporte found?
It was discovered in the trunk of a car in Montreal on October 18.
When was James Cross released?
December 3, 1970
What was Sovereignty Association?
Quebec would maintain economic connections with Canada, but would be independent in everything else.
What was the Cold War?
It began after WWII when the US and Russia emerged as rival superpowers. It was a war of words and ideologies, rather than a war of combat.
What was a middle power?
A growing military power, and became a global mediator.
What was a superpower?
Countries with the military might to dominate large parts of the world.
When was the Massey Commission founded?
April 8, 1949, appointed by PM Louis St-Laurent.
What was the purpose of the Massey Commission?
To help Canada develop a unique cultural identity.
What was the Meech Lake Accord?
An attempt to change the Constitution to include Quebec as a ‘distinct society’.
