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Bio 364 Exam 2 Ch. 19, 20, 21 > 19.4 Formed elemenets (leukocytes) > Flashcards

19.4 Formed elemenets (leukocytes) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the fn of WBCs?

A

protect body against microorganisms and remove dead cells and debris

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2
Q

what type of movement do most WBCs exhibit?

A

ameboid

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3
Q

describe ameboid movement

A

the ability to move like an ameba, by putting out irregular cytoplasmic projections

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4
Q

what is diapedesis?

A

the WBCs become thin and elongated and move either between or through the endothelial cells of the capillary walls

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5
Q

when does a WBC use diapedesis?

A

when it leaves the circulation to enter tissues

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6
Q

what is the attraction to and movement toward foreign materials or damaged cells called?

A

chemotaxis

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7
Q

what is pus?

A

the accumulation of dead WBCs and bacteria

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8
Q

what is the most common type of WBC?

A

neutrophil

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9
Q

what type of WBC is a neutrophil?

A

granulocyte

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10
Q

what name is given to a neutrophil to describe its nuclei that are multilobed and can occur in more than one form?

A

polymorphonuclear neutrophil or PMN

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11
Q

how long does a neutrophil remain in circulation?

A

10-12 hours

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12
Q

what type of materials are usually phagocytized by neutrophils?

A

bacteria, antigen-antibody complexes, other foreign matter

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13
Q

what type of cell is most likely to phgocytize bacteria, antigen-antibody complexes, other foreign matter

A

WBC, neutrophil

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14
Q

what is a lysozyme?

A

an enzyme from a lysosome to destroy bacteria

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15
Q

what type of cell is most likely to secrete lysozymes?

A

WBC, neutrophil

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16
Q

how long do neutrophils survive after they leave the circulation?

A

1-2 days

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17
Q

what type of WBC is an eosinophil?

A

granulocyte

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18
Q

how does an eisinophil respond to inflammation?

A

leaves circulation

minimize inflammation by secreting a chemical that destroys histamines

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19
Q

what is the fn of an eisinophil?

A

minimize inflammation

use toxic chemicals to attack parasitic infections

20
Q

what type of parasites are eisinophils likely to attack?

A

hookworms, tapeworms, flatworms

21
Q

what type of WBC is the least common?

A

Basophil

22
Q

what type of WBC is the most common?

A

neutrophil

23
Q

what type of WBC is a basophil?

A

granulocyte

24
Q

what WBCs are granulocytes?

A

neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils

25
Q

what WBCs are agranulocytes?

A

lymphocytes

monocytes

26
Q

how do basophils respond to inflammation?

A

promote it by releasing histamines

27
Q

what 2 chemicals do basophils release?

A

histamines and heparin

28
Q

what cell releases both histamines and heparin?

A

basophil

29
Q

which is the smallest WBC?

A

lymphocyte

30
Q

what type of WBC is a lymphocyte?

A

agranulocyte

31
Q

which WBC is only slightly larger than its nucleus?

A

lymphocyte

32
Q

where is a lymphocyte produced and what is its target tissue?

A

produced in marrow, travels through blood to lymph tissue

33
Q

what type of cell is produced in the marrow and travels to lymph tissue?

A

lymphocyte

34
Q

what are the 2 places of production of lymphocytes?

A

initial production in marrow

division and production in lymph tissues

35
Q

what are the lymph tissues that contain lymphocytes?

A

lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, thymus

36
Q

what are 2 specific types of lymphocytes?

A

B cells

T cells

37
Q

what is the fn of B cells?

A

to produce antibodies

38
Q

what stimulates B-cells to produce antibodies?

A

bacteria

toxins

39
Q

what is the fn of T-cells?

A

protection against viruses, tumor cells, responsible for graft rejection

40
Q

what type of cell is a target for T-cells?

A

any rapidly dividing cell

41
Q

what type of WBC is a monocyte?

A

agranulocyte

42
Q

which is the largest WBC?

A

monocyte

43
Q

how long is a monocyte usually in the circulation?

A

3 days

44
Q

what does the monocyte become outside of the circulation?

A

macrophage

45
Q

what is the fn of monocytes?

A

phagocytize debris, bacteria, viruses dead cell and cell fragments as a macrophage

Bio 364 Exam 2 Ch. 19, 20, 21 (19 decks)

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