1920-1923 Elections and 1923 Crisis Flashcards
What was significant about 1920 election
First election after ToV
What was the SPDs decline
38% to 21.7%
What did DDP % fall below
10%
By what % did the ZP drop
1.75%
support concentrated to Catholics, so never suffered any major increases
support for extremes rose, what was the KPD’s rise, was their increase more than for DNVP?
From 7.6% to 20%
More than rise for DNVP
Which party rose by 5%
DNVP
between 1919-23 how many governments did Weimar have
6
How long did the longest government last 1919-23?
only 18 months
What party did all coalitions 1919-23 contain?
DDP
Did the number of votes decline for pro-democratic parties?
What was the % in 1919 and 1920?
Yes
1919: 76%
1920: 48%
Germany lost resources as it lost its territories. What % of iron ore did it lose in the ToV
48%
Who set the reparations in the ToV
IARC
What % of war expenditure was raised via taxation?
16%
Who was the finance minister post-ToV that introduced deficit financing?
Erzberger
What was the idea of deficit financing?
decrease tax to give people money to spend - increasing demand and creating work
What year did France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr
1923
Who was the government who promoted passive resistance during the Ruhr crisis
Cuno
Who were the winners of inflation crisis
Give an example
Industrialists who invested in factories and landowners
and exporters and some middle class e.g homeowners
e.g Stinnes who controlled 20% of German industry by the end of 1923
Who were the losers of the inflation crisis
mainly middle class who saved in bank accounts
those who had war bonds
those on fixed incomes
those on welfare payments
Who were peasants not affected as much by inflation
were self-sufficient, food was still in demand, not many had bank accounts
What did unemployment rise to during inflation?
4.1% - which is still relatively low
How did industrial workers fare out of inflation?
trade unions couldn’t keep wages up with inflation so struggled in part - but had fewer savings than most so lost less
When was there a new coalition in 1923 that introduced new economic policy
who was it led by
August 1923
Stresemann
