19.1-19.2 blood

Question 4

5 functions of blood

Answer 4

1. transport
2. Regulate pH & ion composition
3. Restrict fluid loss at injury sites
4. Defense against toxins/pathogens
5. Stabilize body temp

Question 4

fractionation

Answer 4

separation of blood components for analytical or clinical purposes

Question 5

blood temp

Answer 5

100.4°C

Question 5

blood is ____ times as viscous as water

Answer 5

five

Question 6

pH of blood

Answer 6

ave 7.4

Question 6

venipuncture

Answer 6

procedure of collecting blood from a superficial vein

Question 7

volume of blood in adult male? female?

Answer 7

male: 5-6 liters
female: 4-5 liters

Question 8

hematocrit
def & AKA

Answer 8

percentage of whole blood volume contributed by formed elements
AKA packed cell volume (PCV)

Question 9

normal hematocrit (males/females)

Answer 9

males: 46
females: 42

Question 10

plasma makes up __-__% of whole blood volume

Answer 10

46-63%

Question 11

plasma consists of

3 things & %’s

Answer 11

1. plasma proteins 7%
2. water 92%
3. other solutes 1%

Question 12

The _____ synthesizes 90% of plasma proteins

Answer 12

liver

Question 13

types of plasma proteins

% of plasma proteins

Answer 13

1. Albumins 60%
2. Globulins 35%
3. Fibrinogen 4%

Question 14

antibodies

Answer 14

AKA immunoglobulins

attack foreign proteins & pathogens

Question 15

transport globulins

Answer 15

bind small ions, hormones and other compounds

Question 16

fibrinogen

Answer 16

functions in clotting

Question 17

fibrin

Answer 17

large insoluble strands that form the basic framework for blood clots

Question 18

albumins

Answer 18

• contribute to osmotic pressure of plasma

- transport fatty acids, thyroid hormones, some steroids, & other substances

Question 19

“other solutes” in plasma

Answer 19

• organic nutrients
• electrolytes
• organic wastes

Question 20

organic nutrients include

Answer 20

lipids (fatty acids, cholesterol, glycerides), carbohydrates (mainly glucose), & amino acids

Question 21

organic wastes include

Answer 21

ures, uric acid, creatinine, bilirubin, ammonium ions

Question 22

formed elements (& %’s)

Answer 22

1. platelets <.1%

3. RBCs 99.9%

Question 23

formed elements make up __-__% of whole blood volume

Answer 23

37-54%

Question 24

hemopoiesis

Answer 24

process through which formed elements are produced

Question 25

platelets

Answer 25

cell fragments containing ezymes & other substances

Question 26

WBCs

AKA, general function, 5 types

Answer 26

AKA leukocytes
participate in defense mechanisms
-neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes

Question 26

RBCs

AKA, general function

Answer 26

AKA erythrocytes

transport oxygen

Question 27

How to estimate blood volume

Answer 27

mass (kg) x (.07) = __ liters of blood

Question 28

important globulins

Answer 28

• hormone-binding globulins
• metalloproteins
• apolipoproteins
• steroid-binding proteins