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Psychology 101 > 19. Drive States > Flashcards

19. Drive States Flashcards

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1
Q

An affective experience (something you feel, like the sensation of being tired or hungry) that motivates organisms to fulfill goals that are generally beneficial to their survival and reproduction

A

Drive State

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2
Q

Examples of drive states

A

hunger, thirst, sexual arousal, tiredness

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3
Q

Has a profound impact on the fucntioning of the mind. It affects psychological processes, such as perception, attention, emotion, and motivation, and influences the behaviors that these processes generate

A

Hunger

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4
Q

What state possess valence (positive or negative) and serve to motivate approach or avoidance behaviors

A

Affective state

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5
Q

Are unique in that they generate behaviors that result in specific benefits for the body

A

Drive state

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6
Q

The tendency of an organism to maintain stability across all the different physiological systems in the body

A

Homeostasis

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7
Q

What are the two key factors that maintain homeostasis

A

1.) Set point - State of system being regulated must be monitored and compared to an ideal level

2.) There need to be mechanism for moving the system back to this set point - to restore homeostasis when deviations from it are detected

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8
Q

Examples of homeostatic mechanisms

A

Blood circulation, immune responses
(automatic, nonconscious)

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9
Q

Most drive states motivate action to restore homeostasis using __ and __

A

punishments, rewards

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10
Q

When you behave poorly by departing from the set point, you experience bad feelings

A

Punishments

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11
Q

When you behave well, you experience pleasure that comes from any activity that moves the system back toward the set point

A

Rewards

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12
Q

As __ intensify, they direct attentio toward elements, activities, and forms of consumption that satisfy the biological needs associated with it

A

Drive State

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13
Q

Outcomes and objects that are not related to satisfying a __ lose their value

A

Drive State

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14
Q

Drive state produce a second form of attention-narrowing: a collapsing of time-perspective toward the present

A

Impatience

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15
Q

Third form of attention-narrowing involves __

A

Thoughts and outcomes related to the self versus others

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16
Q

Three forms of narrowing of attention

A

Loss of value, impatience,desire to do good for others

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17
Q

Classic example of a drive state

A

Hunger

18
Q

Generally triggered by low glucose levels in the blood, and behavior resulting from this aim to restore homeostasis regarding those glucose levels

A

HUNGER

19
Q

External cues that cause hunger

A

time of day, estimated time until next feeding, sight, smell, taste, touch

20
Q

T/F
Hunger has nuances that can provoke the eating of specific foods that correct for nutritional imbalances

A

True

ex. craving eyes of fish = rich in vitamin c, body craves it

21
Q

Located in the lower, central part of the brain that plays a very important role in eating behavior

A

Hypothalamus

22
Q

Responsible for synthesizing and secreting various hormones, concerned largely with hunger

A

Hypothalamus

23
Q

Damage in these region can eliminate the desire for eating entirely

A

Lateral Hypothalamus

24
Q

Activation of this area can not only increase the desirablility of food but can also reduce the desirability of non-food related items

A

Lateral Hypothalamus

25
Q

Refers to the decline of hunger and eventual termination of eating behavior

A

Satiation

26
Q

Which area of the brain plays an important role in satiety

A

Ventromedial Hypothalamus (VMH)

27
Q

What brain areas are important in identifying food items. These provide informational value (not hedonic evaluations), help tell a person what is good or safe to eat, but don’t provide the pleasure sensations that actually eating the food produces

A

Sensory Cortices - visual, olfactory, taste

28
Q

Affects the organism’s motivation to consure food

A

Reward Value

29
Q

Where in the brain are the reward values processes

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

30
Q

Drive state that is critical to reproductiom, results in thoughts and behaviors related to sexual activity

A

Sexual Arousal

31
Q

Sexual arousal and pleasure in males are related to this area, a region in the anterior hypothalamus

A

Preoptic area

32
Q

Male sexual behavior is severely impared when this area is damaged

A

Preoptic area

33
Q

This region of the brain plays a similar role for the females as the preoptic area for the males

A

Ventromedial hypothalamus

34
Q

Neurons in this area determine the excretion of this estradiol

A

Ventromedial hypothalamus

35
Q

Estrogen hormone that regulates sexual receptivity (willingness to accept a partner)

A

Estradiol

36
Q

This region in the midbrain is responsible for defensive behaviors (freezing immobility, running, increases in blood pressure, other motor responses)

A

Periaqueductal region

37
Q

Areas of the brain that are important for male sexuality overlap with areas that are also associated with __

A

Aggresion

38
Q

Areas important for female sexuality overlap extensively with those that are connected to __

A

Nurturance

39
Q

Region of the brain that seems to play an important role in sexual pleasure for both males and females

A

Septal Nucleus

40
Q

Area that receives reciprocal connections from many other brain regions, including hypothalamus and amygdala (region of brain priarily involved with emotions)

A

Septal Nucleus

41
Q

This area of the brain shows considerable activity, in terms of rhythmic spiking during sexual orgasm

A

Septal Nucleus

42
Q

Placing a small amount of acetylcholine in this region or stimulating it electrically has been reported to produce a feeling of imminent orgasm

A

Septal Nucleus

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