Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > 19-7 Physical Exam Breast and Axilla > Flashcards

19-7 Physical Exam Breast and Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

what 7 things are used to describe the changes in a breast lump or mass

A
  • location
  • size
  • shape
  • consistency
  • mobility
  • borders
  • retraction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how to describe the location of a breast lump

A

clock position and distance from nipple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how to describe the size of a breast mass or lump

A

in centimeters: length, width, thickness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how to describe the shape of a breast lump

A
  • round
  • discoid
  • lobular
  • stellate
  • regular or irregular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how to describe the consistency of a breast mass or lump

A
  • firm
  • soft
  • hard
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how to describe the mobility of a lump or breast mass

A
  • movable (in what direction)
  • fixed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how to describe the borders of a breast mass or lump

A
  • discrete
  • poorly defined
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how to describe retraction in breast mass or lump

A
  • presence or absence of dimpling
  • altered contour
  • nipple discharge
  • tender lymph nodes
  • medication taken
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are nonmodifiable factors for breast cancer

A
  • age
  • gender risk factors
  • personal history of breast cancer
  • FMH of breast cancer
  • previous breast biopsy
  • race
  • previous breast radiation
  • early menarche
  • late menopause
  • breast density
  • DES therapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer

A
  • nullparity (late childbirth)
  • hormone therapy
  • alcohol
  • obesity and high fat diets
  • lack of physical activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how many lobes are in each breast

A

15 to 20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many lobules are in each lobe

A

20 to 40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the milk producing cells called

A

acini cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what duct drains milk from each lobe onto the surface of the nipple

A

lactiferous ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what muscles forms the floor of the breast

A
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • latissimus dorsi
  • subscapularis
  • external oblique
  • rectus abdominis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where in the breast is the greatest amount of glandular tissue

A

upper outer quadrant (tail of spence)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what equipment is needed to conduct a breast exam

A
  • small pillow or folded towel
  • ruler
  • flashlight with transilluminator
18
Q

Benign fluid-filled cyst formation caused by ductal enlargement

A

Fibrocystic changes

19
Q

Benign tumors composed of stromal and epithelial elements that represents a hyperplastic or proliferative process in a single terminal ductal unit

A

Fibroadenoma

20
Q

what condition accounts for the majority of breast tumors in young women

A

fibroadenoma

21
Q

a firm, irregular mass, often appearing as an area of discoloration

A

fat necrosis

22
Q

benign 2 to 3 cm tumors of the subareolar duct that occurs singly or multiples

A

Intraductal papillomas and papillomatosis

23
Q

what is a common cause of bloody nipple discharge

A

Intraductal papillomas and papillomatosis

24
Q

what mnemonic is used when assessing the nipples and areolar

A

5 D’s
- discharge
- discoloration
- deviation
- dermatologic changes
- depression

25
Q

what ethnicity is more likely to have supernumerary nipples

A

black women

26
Q

where are supernumerary nipples commonly located in black women

A

along the embryonic mammary ridge

27
Q

which breast disorder is associated with the menstrual cycle and are usually multiple and bilateral fluid filled lesions

A

fibrocystic changes

28
Q

what are some physical exam findings with breast cancer

A
  • mass or thickening in the breast
  • marked asymmetry
  • prominent unilateral veins
  • discoloration
  • peau d’ orange
  • ulceration
  • dimpling
  • puckering
  • retraction of skin
  • nipple inversion or deviation
29
Q

a red scaling, crusty patch that forms on the nipple, areolar, and surrounding skin

A

paget disease

30
Q

what are lesions that appear eczematous and usually unilateral

A

pagent disease

31
Q

a smooth, firm, mobile, tender, disk of breast tissue located behind the areolar in males

A

gynecomastia

32
Q

what is the cause of gynecomastia

A
  • hormone imbalance
  • liver failure
  • antihypertensive meds
  • testicular, pituitary, or hormone secreting tumors
33
Q

inflammation of the sebaceous glands in the areolar

A

retention cysts

34
Q

lactation not associated with childbearing

A

galactorrhea

35
Q

what causes galactorrhea

A
  • pituitary tumors
  • cushing’s syndrome
  • hypoglycemia
  • drugs (antidepressants, estrogen, phenothiazine, tricyclics)
36
Q

inflammation and infection of the breast tissue

A

mastitis

37
Q

who is more likely to get mastitis

A

lactating women

38
Q

what is the most common causative agent of mastitis

A

staph infection

39
Q

what is the likely diagnosis of a woman who is currently breast feeding and complains of sudden onset of swelling, tenderness, erythema, and heat around her breast

A

mastitis

40
Q

what population of women are more likely to have mammary duct ectasia

A

menopausal women

41
Q

what breast conditioned is characterized as blocked subareolar duct with desquamating secretory epithelium, necrotic debris, and chronic inflammatory cells

A

mammary duct ectasia

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions