1866-1871 Flashcards

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0
Q

April 1866. What did Bismarck do to ensure Italian support in Austro-Prussian war?

A

Signed a treaty with Italy for joint war with Austria within 3 months to secure Venetia.

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1
Q

When was the Zollverein renewed to ensure the continued exclusion of Austria?

A

Jan 1866

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2
Q

When was the Reformverein dissolved?

A

May 1866

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3
Q

When was the Austro-Prussian War (Seven Weeks War) and why was it’s length significant?

A

1866 June 18th to July 26th

Relatively quick war. Showed military strength of Prussia.

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4
Q

Why did the Nationalverein condemn the Austro-Prussian war?

A

It was ‘anti-National’

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5
Q

Why did the Austro-Prussian war show that Prussia’s influence over the region was not dominant?

A

No states supported Prussia!!

Most states supported Austria and some remained neutral.

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6
Q

What did the Peace of Prague (July 1866) do?

A

Replaced Bund with North German Confederation.

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7
Q

What was the Indemnity Bill 1866?

A

Ended constitutional crisis. Nationalists agreed to work with government with compromise of no Liberalism. (Accept compromises to the constitution).

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8
Q

Pro-est, how did the indemnity bill change Natism?

A

Pro-est for the first time since the HRE.

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9
Q

How did the Nationalist aims change after 1866?

A

Political and cultural unity to unity within the state.

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10
Q

When was the National Liberal Party established?

A

1867!

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11
Q

When was the SPD established?

A

1869

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12
Q

When was Papal Infallibility and why was it significant?

A

July 1870
Tied Catholic loyalties to the Pope (who had condemned G Liberalism in Syllabus of Errors 1864). Therefore all Catholics were Reichsfeinde. Inspired Kultirkampf.

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13
Q

What was the Ems interview and Telegram 1870?

A

Interview: French ambassador Bendetti sent to Ems to persuade William I to forbid Leopold Hohenzollern’s acceptance of Spanish Throne.
Telegram: Bismarck published edited version of William I’s decision to later claim that the humiliation of the French Ambassador pushed France into war.

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14
Q

What does the Ems Telegram show about the media in 1870 and the economic context ?

A

Developing. Mass audience for public humiliation of France. Facilitated by economic context and increase of literacy rates due to improved communications.

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15
Q

When was the Franco-Prussian War?

A

July 1870

16
Q

Battle of Sedan. Napoleon surrenders 1870. What does this show about the strength of the Prussian military?

A

Strong! Defeated both Austria and France within 5 years of each other. (A and F both shaped the German region since 1806, therefore powerful)

17
Q

What shows the dominance of Prussia in the North German Confederation’s army?

A

Moltke was the head of NGC army. Prussian General.

18
Q

What shows political dominance of Prussia in German Empire?

A

William it becomes first German Emperor.
Bismarck was appointed German Chancellor.
Prussian majority in parliament was enough to ensure no constitutional change.
William had the ability to veto.

19
Q

When and where was the German Empire declared?

A

January 1871
Hall of Mirrors, Versailles
Humiliation to France as on French soil.

20
Q

Why was 1871 a turning point in the popularity of Nationalism?

A

First time that Nationalism could be popular. Not illegal. Could be pro-establishment after 1866. Gov policies made to unify population using nationalism.

21
Q

What boosted the German economy at the start of 1871?

A

5 million franc war indemnity and France ceded Alsace Lorraine to Germany