18.1 Glycosis

Question 1

What type of respiration takes place in a shortage of oxygen

Answer 1

anaerobic

Question 2

What is the name of anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi

Answer 2

alcoholic fermentation

Question 3

What is the need for cellular respiration

Answer 3

-transporting substances across a membrane (active transport)
-make ATP for muscle contraction
-maintain body temperature
-anabolic reactions (synthesis of DNA from nucleotides, synthesis of protein from amino acids)

Question 4

What are the 4 steps of aerobic respiration

Answer 4

glycolysis, link reaction, krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

Does glycolysis require oxygen

Answer 5

NO

Question 6

Where does glycolysis occur

Answer 6

cytoplasm of the cell

Question 7

What type of process is glycolysis

Answer 7

anaerobic

Question 8

What are the steps of glycolysis

Answer 8

1. Glucose is phosphorylated into glucose bisphosphate to make it more reactive and prevent it from leaving the cell. This is done by 2 ATP molecules being split into 2 phosphates and attaching to the glucose molecule
2. Glucose bisphosphate is unstable so splits into two triose phosphate molecules (3C)
3. Triose phosphate is oxidised to form pyruvate by the removal of hydrogen atoms from NAD to form NADH and two ADP forming 2 molecules of ATP

Question 9

What is produced from the glycolysis step

Answer 9

2 ATP, 2NADH, 2 pyruvate molecules

Question 10

Why is glycolysis classified as substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 10

as it forms ATP without the involvement of an electron transport chain

Question 11

What is the NADH produced in glycolysis used for

Answer 11

used in later stages of respiration to synthesise more ATP