18.1,2,3,4 Reproduction And Heredity Flashcards
________________ secrete chemicals through ducts to outside of body
Exocrine (external)
___________ secrete hormones directly into blood stream (no ducts to exit) that signal changes in other parts of the body
Endocrine (internal)
_______________ - a chemical substance, or messenger, released by an endocrine gland that has a specific function in the body
Hormone
_______________- a period of sexual development during which a person becomes sexually mature and physically able to produce
Puberty
How does puberty start?
- The Hypothalamus signals the pituitary glands to begin producing 2 hormones
- Those hormones in turn signal the reproductive glands to produce sex hormones
- These sex hormones activate several changes in your body including outward appearance
Functions of the male reproductive system
- Produce sex hormones
- Produce and store sperm
- Deliver sperm to female reproductive system
___________- sexual organ through which sperm leaves the body. The tip of the penis is covered with loose skin, called the foreskin. The foreskin can be removed by a process called circumcision
Penis
____________- male reproductive glands (2 functions = production of testosterone and sperm)
Testes
_____________- reproductive cells (in males)
Sperm
____________- a sperm cell joins with an egg
Fertilization
Semen- _________________________________
Mixture of sperm cells and fluids
Ejaculation- _____________________________________
Ejection of semen from the penis
Functions of the female reproductive system
- Produce sex hormones
- Produce eggs
- Provide a nourishing environment in which a fertilized egg can develop into a baby
_____________- reproductive cells/eggs (in females)
Ova
________________- reproductive glands in which eggs are produced (2 functions= produce hormones estrogen and progesterone and release mature egg cells)
Ovaries
____________- activates certain physical change at puberty
Estrogen
__________________- activates changes to a woman’s reproductive system before and during pregnancy
Progesterone
_______________- one of the ovaries releases a ripened ehh about once every month
Ovulation
_____________________- passages that carry eggs away from ovaries
Fallopian tubes
_______________- hollow, muscular organ where an egg can grow and develop
Uterus
______________- hollow, muscular passage leading from the uterus to the outside of the body
Vagina
________________________- process by which a female produces one mature egg each month
Menstrual cycle
On average, menstrual cycles last about _____ days
28
Factors affecting menstrual cycle
- Diet
- Stress
- Exercise
- Weight gain/loss