1.8: Other factors involved in the resistance of obedience Flashcards
In an experiment, researchers arranged for participants to complete a very personal and embarrassing questionnaire in a room with other people. Each participant was tested individually. The other people were confederates of the experimenter.
In condition 1: The confederates completed the questionnaire.
In condition 2: The confederates refused to complete the questionnaire and asked to leave the experiment.
The researchers tested 15 participants in condition 1, and 15 different participants in condition 1.
The researchers recorded the number of participants who completed the questionnaire in each condition.
Identify the type of data in this experiment.
Explain your answer (2 marks)
Quantitative data, because the data is numerical
In an experiment, researchers arranged for participants to complete a very personal and embarrassing questionnaire in a room with other people. Each participant was tested individually. The other people were confederates of the experimenter.
In condition 1: The confederates completed the questionnaire.
In condition 2: The confederates refused to complete the questionnaire and asked to leave the experiment.
The researchers tested 15 participants in condition 1, and 15 different participants in condition 1.
The researchers recorded the number of participants who completed the questionnaire in each condition.
For this study, the researchers had to use different participants in each condition and this could have affected the results.
In order to analyse the difference in the number of participants who completed the questionnaire in each condition, the researchers used a chi-squared test.
Apart from reference to the level of measurement, give two reasons why the researchers used the chi-squared test (2 marks)
Because the data is independent and the researchers are looking for a difference between 2 sets of data
In an experiment, researchers arranged for participants to complete a very personal and embarrassing questionnaire in a room with other people. Each participant was tested individually. The other people were confederates of the experimenter.
In condition 1: The confederates completed the questionnaire.
In condition 2: The confederates refused to complete the questionnaire and asked to leave the experiment.
The researchers tested 15 participants in condition 1, and 15 different participants in condition 1.
The researchers recorded the number of participants who completed the questionnaire in each condition.
For this study, the researchers had to use different participants in each condition and this could have affected the results.
In order to analyse the difference in the number of participants who completed the questionnaire in each condition, the researchers used a chi-squared test.
The calculated value of chi-squared in the experiment described is 3.97.
Table 1: Critical values for the chi-squared test.
Level of significance: 0.1 and 2.71, 0.05 and 3.84, 0.02 and 5.41 and 0.01 and 6.64.
The calculated value of chi-squared should be equal to or greater than the critical value to be statistically significant.
With reference to the critical values in Table 1, explain whether or not the calculated value of chi-squared is significant at the 5% level (2 marks)
The value of chi-squared is significant at the 5% level, because the calculated value, 3.97, exceeds the table value of 3.84
