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BPs Decks > 18 FIREARMS RULES & LAW (51) > Flashcards

18 FIREARMS RULES & LAW (51) Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT 2 PRINCIPLE PIECES OF SA LAW GOVERN FIREARMS USE?

A
  1. The SA FIREARMS ACT 2015
  2. The SA FIREARMS REGULATIONS 2017
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2
Q

FIREARMS CLASSES

A
  • CLASS A =
    • Airguns
    • Manually loaded Rimfires
    • Break action Shotguns
  • CLASS B =
    • Manually loaded Centrefires
    • Muzzle loading rifles
    • Combination rifle/shotguns
    • Revolving Chamber Rifles
  • CLASS C =
    • Self loading Rimfires (up to 10 shot)
    • Self loading or Pump action Shotguns (up to 5 shot)
  • CLASS D =
    • Self loading Rimfires (over 10 shot)
    • Self loading or pump action Shotguns (over 5 shot)
    • Selfloading Centrefire rifles
  • CLASS H = all Handguns
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3
Q

DEFINITION OF A FIREARM?

A
  • A Firearm is a device designed to fire a projectile by means of burning propellant or compressed gas
  • It includes:
    • Receiver groups
    • anything declared by regulation to be a firearm
    • Unserviceable devices which which would, if working, be a firearm
  • It does not include antiques or other devices excluded by regulation
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4
Q

MINIMUM OVERALL LENGTH FOR LONG GUNS?

A
  • not less than 750mm (with any adjustable stock at its shortest)
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5
Q

MINIMUM BARREL LENGTHS FOR LONG GUNS

A
  • Air Rifles = 250 mm
  • Rifles = 330 mm
  • Shotguns = 400 mm
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6
Q

DEFINITION OF A HANDGUN (FIREARMS ACT 1977)

A
  • a firearm with a barrel <400mm long, designed for firing from the hand, & reasonably capable of being carried concealed
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7
Q

MINIMUM BARREL LENGTH FOR HANDGUNS?

A
  • not less than 120mm for SLP
  • not less than 100mm for revolvers
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8
Q

DO YOU NEED A FIREARMS LICENCE TO SHOOT AT A GALLERY OR RANGE?

A
  • No, provided you are supervised by an authorised person (ie a range official)
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9
Q

MAXIMUM MAGAZINE CAPACITY FOR HANDGUNS?

A
  • 10
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10
Q

PRESCRIBED FIREARMS

A

prescribed firearms are specifically prohibited under the act and include:

  • fully automatic weapons
  • RPGs & mortars
  • sawn off firearms
  • silenced firearms*
  • homemades
  • disguised firearms

* except professional shooters under strict conditions

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11
Q

WHAT PART OF A FIREARM IS THE RECEIVER?

A
  • the receiver is the main housing into which the barrel, bolt, breech etc are fitted
  • the receiver is regarded as a complete firearm under the act, whereas other parts (barrel, mags etc) are just ‘parts’ and less regulated
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12
Q

WHAT ARE THE 5 MAIN TYPES OF ‘ACTION’ FOR FIREARMS?

A
  1. BOLT ACTION
  2. LEVER ACTION
  3. BREAK ACTION
  4. PUMP ACTION
  5. SELF LOADING (aka SEMI-AUTO)
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13
Q

BULLET DANGER ZONES

A
  • the maximum theoretical range of a bullet is termed the ‘danger zone’, and, due to air resistance, is achieved with the muzzle ~30 degrees above the horizon, not 45
  • typical zones are:
    • 2000m for .22 rimfires
    • 5000m for centrefires
    • up to 1000m for shotguns*

*much less with small shot

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14
Q

WHAT DOES ‘12 GAUGE’ MEAN IN A SHOTGUN?

A
  • gauge = ‘balls to the pound’ : how many barrel calibre sized lead balls make up a pound…. so a 12g shotgun is a bigger calibre than a 20g
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15
Q

WHEN MAY YOU LEGALLY HAVE A FIREARM IN YOUR POSSESSION?

A
  • only when you are appropriately licenced to do so
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16
Q

DEFINITION OF ‘POSSESSION’ OF A FIREARM

A
  • Being in possession of a firearm means having it in your care, including in your hands, car or house, irrespective of ownership
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17
Q

WHEN TO CARRY YOUR FIREARMS LICENCE?

A

whenever you are carrying the firearm

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18
Q

STORAGE OF FIREARMS

A

Firearms must be stored in a compliant cabinet, which may be a:

  • LEVEL 1 SAFE: with 2mm steel walls, securely attached to the building unless >150kg: mainly for modest numbers of class A and B firearms stored inside a dwelling
  • LEVEL 2 SAFE: as above, with 3mm steel walls, for Class C, D and H, or Class A and B in an outbuilding.
  • A Strongroom.
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19
Q

POSSESSION OF AMMUNITION

A
  • It is illegal to possess ammunition without holding the corresponding firearms licence
  • Quantities held should not exceed 12months use
  • ‘ammunition’ includes whole rounds, primers & propellant, but not projectiles or empty cases
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20
Q

STORAGE OF AMMUNITION

A
  • ammunition must be stored in a locked cupboard, separate from firearms.
  • a vented wooden cupboard is recommended
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21
Q

TRANSPORT OF FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION IN VEHICLES

A

Firearms and ammunition must be transported:

  • In a locked compartment (incl glovebox or boot) if available
  • With ammunition separate if 2 such compartments exist
  • Out of sight.
22
Q

POLICE INSPECTION OF WEAPONS STORAGE

A
  • you must allow SAPOL to inspect such storage ‘at any reasonable time’
23
Q

REGISTRATION OF FIREARMS

A
  • all firearms must be registered within 14 days of acquisition, by application at any police station
24
Q

AUTHORITY TO ACQUIRE A FIREARM

A
  • It is illegal to acquire a firearm by any means (purchase, loan, gift) without the approval of Registrar in the form of a ‘Permit to Acquire’, which has a mandatory 28 day waiting period
  • Exceptions:
    • Dealers
    • Loans to appropriate licence holders for <10 or <28 days, under the circumstances set out in the act
25
Q

RULES FOR PRODUCTION OF FIREARMS AT POLICE STATIONS

A
  • unloaded
  • disassembled
  • bagged and
  • only in daylight hours
26
Q

NAME THREE ‘14 DAY’ WINDOWS UNDER THE ACT

A

you have 14 days in which to notify the registrar that you have:

  1. acquired a firearm
  2. disposed of a firearm*
  3. changed your name or address

*including lost or stolen

27
Q

CARRIAGE 0F LOADED FIREARMS IN PUBLIC PLACES

A
  • it is illegal to carry a loaded firearm in a public place without lawful excuse (includes loaded magazines)
28
Q

LOANING OF FIREARMS

A

you may loan a Class A or B firearm to an appropriately licenced* person

  • for up to 10 days with a verbal agreement
  • for up to 28 days with a written agreement stating the reason and period
  • for over 28 days with a formal Permit to Acquire

* you must physically sight the licence

29
Q

DISPOSAL OF FIREARMS

A
  • Firearms may only be disposed of to a person in possession of a PERMIT TO ACQUIRE (or a dealer)
  • such transfers must be witnessed by an authorised person (police officer, dealer or approved club official) who is then responsible for notifying the Registrar
  • the new owner then has 14 days to register it in their name
30
Q

USING FIREARMS IN BUILT UP AREAS

A
  • Using a firearm in a built up area is not not specifically illegal, but could be under the SUMMARY OFFENCES ACT if considered likely to injure, frighten or annoy others, or damage property
31
Q

HUNTING LAW

A
  • Hunting is regulated under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972
  • All persons involved (even gate openers) require a hunting permit from DEWNR, and the written permission of the landowner.
  • Exception: you may shoot pest animals on your own land without a permit
32
Q

KANGAROO HUNTING LAW

A
  • All kangaroos* are protected and can only be shot with a permit
  • The animal should be stationary
  • A centrefire rifle should be used, with a telescopic sight, and within range for an accurate headshot
  • The skin/carcass cannot leave the property without a tag

*and, as a general rule, all native animals

33
Q

UNPROTECTED ANIMALS INCLUDE?

A
  • Foxes
  • Rabbits
  • Feral Goats
34
Q

RECOMMENDED MINIMUM CALIBRES FOR GAME ANIMALS

A
  • SMALL GAME (Rabbits, foxes, cats up to 100m) = .22 Rimfire
  • MEDIUM GAME (Kangaroos, goats, dingos) = .222*
  • LARGE GAME (Pigs) = .243
  • VERY LARGE GAME (Deer, Buffalo) = .270

* this is a centrefire cartrige, similar to the .223/5.56

35
Q

EUTHANASIA OF STOCK

A

Euthanasia of stock should be carried out with:

  • A Long gun (to allow better distancing and muzzle control)*
  • At least a 3cm air gap (to allow muzzle gases to escape)
  • 22 rimfires are sufficient even for large animals if downed, or can be lead to a crush
  • Centrefires are needed for standing large animals
  • In horses, aim for the spot centred between eyes and ears (directly between the eyes will miss below the brain)
36
Q

SHOOTING FROM THE ROADSIDE

A
  • Shooting from the roadside requires the written permission of
    • the road owner (the council) and
    • any landowner who’s land is overshot.
37
Q

LEAD SHOT IN WETLANDS

A
  • Lead shot is banned in wetlands because ducks may eat it and be poisoned
  • Steel or iron shot may be substituted, but is hard on older guns
38
Q

APPROVED HANDGUN USE WITH MY H LICENCE?

A
  • only for club purposes, ie only ever loaded at the range
39
Q

MINIMUM YEARLY CLUB ATTENDANCE TO MAINTAIN CLASS H LICENCE

A
  • you must attend 6 events annually for the first weapon, and 4 more for each additional type
40
Q

WHAT SIGHT TO FOCUS ON?

A
  • Focus on the FRONT sight, NOT the TARGET: the TARGET and the REAR sight should be very blurry
41
Q

CLUB RULES BEFORE REHOLSTERING

A
  • for loaded weapons: with safety applied if so fitted
  • for unloaded weapons: range officer must clear first
42
Q

NAME THE 8 FIREARMS SAFETY RULES

A
  1. Treat every firearm as loaded
  2. Always point in a safe direction
  3. Identify your target & whats behind it
  4. Never fire at hard surfaces or water
  5. Never loaded in the car, home or camp
  6. Store ammunition & firearms separately
  7. No alcohol or drugs
  8. Unload before climbing fences or obstacles
43
Q

CLICK VS NO CLICK WHEN FAILS TO FIRE?

A
  • CLICK HEARD = firing pin struck primer, so failure to fire =
    • MISSFIRE (primer struck but didnt ignite) or
    • HANGFIRE (delayed ignition - can be up to 30s), so ALWAYS keep muzzle direction safe & wait 30s before opening action*
  • NO CLICK HEARD = primer not struck, and cause =
    • SAFETY ON, or
    • FAILURE OF THE ACTION TO CYCLE**, so actions on = check safe, confirm action closed

  • * ignition of an unsupported cartridge after the action is opened can cause rupture and shooter injury*
  • ** the ‘action’ is the whole sequence from the previous firing to this one, ie extraction, ejection, feeding, chambering, bolt closure, pin striking*
44
Q

ACTIONS ON LIVE ROUND STUCK IN BARREL

A
  • do not attempt removal
  • remove bolt and refer to gunsmith
45
Q

LOADED FIREARMS MUST BE…..

A
  • CARRIED
  • they cannot be put down…. not even to climb a fence…..they must be unloaded before leaving the shooters hands
46
Q

FIREARMS CYCLE OF OPERATION

A
  1. FEEDING: the cartridge is fed into the chamber
  2. COCKING: the hammer is set ready to release
  3. LOCKING: the bolt is locked against the base of the cartridge, ready to contain the gases
  4. FIRING: the trigger releases the sear, allowing the spring to drive the firing pin into the primer
  5. UNLOCKING: the bolt in unlocked
  6. EXTRACTING: the cartridge is pulled out of the chamber
  7. EJECTING: the cartridge is removed from the action
47
Q

DRY FIRING RIMFIRES

A
  • unlike CENTREFIRE weapons, RIMFIRE weapons should NOT be fired whilst empty as the firing pin may damage the face of the breech
48
Q

NAME THE 3 MAIN PARTS OF A MODERN FIREARM

A

1) LOCK (aka ACTION): the parts that load, fire & extract the cartridge (bolt, spring, firing pin, sear, trigger, extractor, ejector)
2) STOCK
3) BARREL

49
Q

CARRIAGE OF OFFENSIVE WEAPONS

A
  • Carriage of Offensive Weapons (defined as anything that could be used as a weapon) is illegal, and gives wide scope to prosecute inappropriate carriage of firearms, eg in public or in a vehicle without reason to do so.
50
Q

ALCOHOL, DRUGS AND FIREARMS

A
  • Whilst total abstinence is not required, it is illegal to handle a firearm when so affected by alcohol or drugs to be incapable of exercising proper control of it
51
Q

CAN AN UNLICENCED PERSON SHOOT YOUR GUN ?

check!!

A
  • Yes, provided they are under your direct supervision

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