1.8 Finding Out About The Population

Question 1

Aging population

Answer 1

Old dependents, people that are above 60 years old

Question 2

Dependent population

Answer 2

People who don’t work, retired and young children

Question 3

The demographic transition model

Answer 3

1. High birth rates, high deaths rates, short life expectancy, less dependency
2. High birth rates, fall in death rates, slightly longer life expectancy, more dependency due to more elderly
3. Declining birth rate, decline deaths rate, longer life expectancy, more dependency
4. Low birth rate, declining death rate, highest dependency ratio and longest life expectancy
5. When proportion of old dependents is increasing because life expectancy increases and the birth rate start to fall which typically happens in very developed country

Question 4

Population pyramid

Answer 4

A type of graph that shows the age and sex structure of the country.

Question 5

Problems of having too many old dependents

Answer 5

• more pensions to be paid
• more pressure on public transportation
• more pressure on healthcare
• not enough labour forces
• difficult to evacuate old dependents during natural disasters

Question 6

Why do LEDCs have more young dependents than MEDCs?

Answer 6

• LEDCs cannot afford contraception
• LEDCs have no education on family planning/contraception
• children wanted as labour in LEDCs
• cost of living higher in MEDCs

Question 7

Implications of too few young dependents

Answer 7

• closure of child related service
• less consumers and taxpayers in the future
• an increase in the age of population
• birth rates fall below the minimum because the population declines
• less labour forces in the future

Question 8

Implications of too many young dependents

Answer 8

• childcare needed so parents can work
• taxes for public schools from the government
• increase dependency ratio
• creation of teaching and nursing jobs
• pressure on the healthcare and education services