1750-1900 Key Terms #1

Question 1

Pierre Toussaint L’overture

Answer 1

“The Black Napoleon” Led the revolution in Haiti that defeated the French

Question 2

Karl Marx

Answer 2

• German journalist and philosopher.
• Founded the marxist branch of socialism
• Known for “The Communist Manifesto” and “Das Kapital”

Question 3

Communism

Answer 3

A system of social organization where property and ownership is owned and shared by the community

Question 4

Indian National Congress

Answer 4

• A group formed by Hindu nationalist leaders of India in the late 1800’s
• Purpose was to gain greater democracy and get independence from Britain.

Question 5

Communist Manifesto

Answer 5

Written my Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles

-Urges workers to seize control of production from the upper and middle classes

Question 6

Mohandas Gandhi

Answer 6

Leader of the Indian National Congress, used nonviolent protest to gain independence

Question 7

Muhammad Ali

Answer 7

• Albanian soldier who served for Turkey.
• Made viceroy of Egypt and took control away from the Ottoman Empire
• Made Egypt a modern state

Question 8

Russo-Japanese War

Answer 8

Conflict between Russia and Japan because they both wanted to take over Manchuria and Korea

Question 9

Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 9

French general, political leader, and self pronounced emperor after the French Revolution. Conquered much of Europe.

Question 10

Mercantilism

Answer 10

• Economic system where power=wealth

- Colonies used to supply natural resources and buy products

Question 11

National Assembly

Answer 11

French revolutionary assembly, called the first Estates General, passed the Declaration of the Rights Of Man

Question 12

White Man’s Burden

Answer 12

Idea that European countries had a duty to spread religion and culture to those less civilized

Question 13

Qing

Answer 13

Last imperial dynasty in China ruled by Manchu, overthrown by revolutionaries

Question 14

Direct Rule

Answer 14

When a country controls a colony by sending it’s own representatives to govern

Question 15

Seneca Falls Conference

Answer 15

First women’s rights convention, held in NY

Question 16

Reign of Terror

Answer 16

When Robespierre ruled France like a dictator and thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens were executed

Question 17

Industrial Revolution

Answer 17

Change from an agricultural to industrial society, huge change in England

Question 18

Capitalism

Answer 18

Economic system based on private ownership of capital.

Question 19

Proletariat

Answer 19

The working class predicted by Karl Marx to overthrow the capitalist owners

Question 20

Mechanization

Answer 20

Application of machinery to manufacturing and other activities.

Question 21

Louis XVI

Answer 21

Kind of France prior to the French Revolution

Question 22

Taiping Rebellion

Answer 22

Chinese rebellion that threatened to topple the Qing dynasty. Based on the Christian military teachings of Hong Xiuquan

Question 23

Steam Engine

Answer 23

Invented by James Watt, which helped the industrial revolution to take off.

Question 24

Indirect Rule

Answer 24

Local rulers are allowed to maintain their status.