17 NOV - 06 DEC 2023

Question 1

the constellation of breast pain and bilateral greenish nipple discharge in a young patient is most likely caused by:

Answer 1

fibrocystic change

Question 2

Oncotype DX testing is indicated only for what type of cancers?

Answer 2

ER-positive node-negative cancers

Question 3

The reason epinephrine inclusion does not change the maximum dose of bupivacaine is because:

Answer 3

epinephrine will metabolize faster than bupivacaine, so its effects of keeping the local anesthetic from entering intravascular system is nil

Question 4

The role of glucocorticoids in the treatment of thyroid storm is to:

Answer 4

decrease the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

Question 5

Inhibition of thyroid peroxidase is the mechanism of action of __________________

Answer 5

thioamides, such as methimazole and propylthiouracil

Question 6

physiologic effects of pneumoperitoneum

Answer 6

• decreased preload
• increased afterload (increase in catechol and vasopressin)
• decreased cardiac output

Question 7

ATLS guidelines state that the mean normal systolic BP for a child should be (calculation):

Answer 7

90 mm Hg plus twice the patient’s age in years

Question 8

what type of breast tumors (marker type) are most likely to respond to neoadjuvant chemo?

Answer 8

HER2/neu positive tumors

Question 9

best initial BP med for pheo hypertensive crisis?

Answer 9

phentolamine (short acting alpha antagonist)

*phenoxybenzamine is used preoperatively and has a longer onset of action

Question 10

steps of a Cattell-Braasch maneuver

Answer 10

• Kocher maneuver to mobilize the duodenum
• extends down the right peritoneal reflection to mobilize the cecum
• concludes with dividing mesenteric attachments to from the cecum to the ligament of Treitz

The infrarenal IVC and aorta are then exposed to the level of the renal vessels

Question 11

The 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines for the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer specify that patients with thyroid cancer up to ___ cm may be candidates for thyroid lobectomy only

Answer 11

4 cm

Question 12

For optimal benefit of HIPEC, the residual tumor must not be larger than ___ mm for adequate penetration of chemotherapy

Answer 12

2.5 mm

Question 13

MOA of cetuximab?

Answer 13

Decreases production of EGFR