17 CLASS AMPHIBIA Flashcards
are the representative of an evolutionary intermediate between aquatic and terrestrial
vertebrates, as they display both lifestyles in different stages of their lives, and these animals manage to persist
throughout time because of this ability to adopt to two habitats.
class amphibia
they hover between aquatic and land environments, but still very dependent on very
moist environments
Quasiterrestrial
(amphi = “_____” + bios = “_____”)
both, life
their body temperature is dependent upon environmental temperature (cold-blooded)
Ectothermic
they have 4 limbs in 2 pairs with associated shoulder or hip girdle (although some forms may have single pair of limbs, or no limbs at all)
Quadrupedal
Includes frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians
class amphibia
distinct head, neck, trunk, and tail
salamanders and newts
compressed body with fused head. no neck, and trunk
frogs and toads
elongated trunk that is not strongly demarcated from head
caecilians
(gas exchange can occur through skin)
cutaneous respiration
are common; color change dependent on external and internal condition (ex. high
temperature = lighter color)
Chromatophores
produces mucus for cutaneous respiration,
reproduction, thermoregulation, and defense
mucus glands
produce toxic or noxious substances
granular glands
clusters of granular glands located in certain regions of the body
macroglands
Skin
(cutaneous breathing)
Mouth
(buccal breathing)
Presence of vocal chords, located in the ____, are much more developed in male frogs than in female
larynx
Produce sound by passing air back and forth over the vocal chords between the lungs and a pair of_______ in the floor of the mouth
vocal pouches
receives deoxygenated blood from the body (Systemic) and sends it to ventricle
right atrium
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and skin capillaries (Pulmocutaneous) and sends it to the ventricle
left atrium
largest and most muscular part of heart that holds a mix of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood.
Ventricle
are hemoglobin-rich and is nucleated
red blood cells
for snapping/catching prey
a protrusible tongue
large olfactory lobes and small cerebrum
Forebrain
cerebellum and medulla
hindbrain
to protect and wash eyes
Eyes with lids and lacrimal glands
optic lobes
midbrain
tympanic membrane (_______) and containing stapes that transmit vibrations
eardrum
Larva are fishlike (no limbs) with gills (called
tadpoles or pollywogs
Amphibians in temperate habitats undergo period of hibernation during winter
hibernation
Similar to hibernation, but in amphibians in warmer climates
Aaestivation
no air is taken into lungs since all necessary respiration can occur through skin, and heart rate will decrease
vital processes and metabolism are reduced
During hot/dry periods, they will go into a
a prolonged state of dormancy
Some salamander species can stay as larval forms (called
axolotl)
(a phenomenon called
neotony
Order ANURA larval form are born with gills and a tail called:
tadpoles
Which of the following is not a mode of respiration in adult amphibians?
gills
This is a prolonged state of dormancy exhibited by amphibians in dry periods
Aestivation
These are glands found in the skin of amphibians which contain toxins
Granular glands
The body of this order of amphibians is elongated and limbless
Gymniphiona
This is the larval form of salamanders that can reproduce
Axolotl
