14 Phylum Echinodermata

Question 1

Named so due to the presence of external spine or protuberances that gives them a prickly and rough
texture.
* Exclusively marine habitat; occur in all oceans at all depths; all bottom dwellers with a few pelagic
* Free-living; No parasitic forms; a few are commensals.
* Body is rounded, cylindrical, or star-shaped;
* Unsegmented, with pentaradial symmetry (only in adult form)
* Triploblastic, eucoelomate

Answer 1

phylum echinodermata

Question 2

(echinatus = “_______” + derma = “______”)

Answer 2

prickly, skin

Question 3

the side with the mouth

Answer 3

Oral Side/Surface

Question 4

grooves bordered by spines that extends from the mouth and through each arm; may be open or closed, depending on the class

Answer 4

Ambulacral grooves

Question 5

small tubes that expel small amounts of water to help the body crawl
through sea floor.

Answer 5

Tube feet/Podia

Question 6

the opposite side; usually facing up (“dorsal” side)

Answer 6

Aboral Side/Surface

Question 7

red/orange plate that filters water inward

Answer 7

Madreporite

Question 8

projections in the body cavity that serves for respiration and waste removal

Answer 8

Papulae (skin gills)

Question 9

– small claw-shaped appendages with movable “jaws” that functions for defense, protect body surface from debris, and sometimes aid in food capture

Answer 9

Pedicellaria

Question 9

“Endo-” =

Answer 9

inside

Question 9

connective tissues that hold the calcareous plates together

Answer 9

Catch Collagen

Question 10

covered by a thin layer of tissue

Answer 10

dermal calcareous ossicles/plates with spines or spicules

Question 11

Stomach has an upper part

Answer 11

(pyloric)

Question 11

lower part

Answer 11

cardiac

Question 12

an essential part of the system; a button-like plate on the aboral surface that filters
water into the water-vascular system and acts like a pressure-equalizing valve

Answer 12

Madreporite

Question 13

Sea stars may have a simple eye

Answer 13

ocellus

Question 13

(no arms)

Answer 13

Bipinnaria

Question 13

(with arms) larval form of class class asteroidea

Answer 13

Brachiolaria

Question 14

(already has arms) larval form of class class asteroidea

Answer 14

Ophiopluteus

Question 15

Compact body with endoskeletal shell called

Answer 15

test

Question 15

closed ambulacral
grooves and tube feet extend up to the anus called

Answer 15

periproct

Question 16

Larval form in class echinoidea

Answer 16

Echinopluteus

Question 17

Larval form in class holothuroidea

Answer 17

Auricularia

Question 18

Larval form in class CRINOIDEA

Answer 18

Doliolaria