Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuro > 17:Basal ganglia anatomy and function > Flashcards

17:Basal ganglia anatomy and function Flashcards

1
Q

basic function of basal ganglia

A

depression of unwanted movements

-movement modulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Parts that make up the basal ganglia

derived from telencephalon

A

Caudate nucleus-and taile of cuadate

> putamen, GPE, GPI,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

true basal gangla derived from the…

A

telencephalon
&
Diencephalon, mesencephalon give rise to structures that are associated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

parts associated wit the basal ganglia derived from the diencephalon

A

thalamus, subthalamic nucleus (interconnected with basal ganglia),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

midbrain strcuture (mesencephalon) associated with basal ganglia interconnections

A

substantia nigro

*neurons contain melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

lateral wall of lateral ventricle there is always

A

caudate nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

always lateral and ventral to caudate nucleus=

A

putamen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

runs between caudate and putamen

A

internal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

somatic basal ganglia AKA

A

dorsal basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

limbic basal ganglia aka

A

ventral basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

movement control

A

somatic basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

motivation, reward and affect

A

limbic basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

caudate, putamen, GPE, GPI

A

somatic basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, ventral pallidum

A

limbic basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tail of caudate after swinging around anteriorly ends rostrally at

A

amygdaloid nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

acceptable name for caudate plus putamen

A

striatum-striped appearance of fiber bundles passing thru it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

midbrain continuation of the Internal Capsule

A

cerebral peduncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dopaminergic signalling between substantia nigra and the basal ganglia

A

Axons leave SN and travel to Head of C, Putamen, Tail of C forming dopa terminals there
aka the striatum receives dopa signalling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

somatic ganglion area receiving no dopaminergic signalling

A

pallidus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

name the two parts of Substantia Nigra

A

part compacta-where the dopa axons are

pars reticularis-few dopa neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

part of substantia nigra that it dark in color and stains with Dopa staining (contains melanin)

A

pars compacta of Substantia Nigro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

substantia nigra develops from

A

mesencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

subthalamic nuclei develop from

A

diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

location of cerebral peduncle

A

below the bulk ot thalamus, above and medial to the cerebral peduncle (continuation of IC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
two main neuron types that make up the striatum (Caudate and Putamen)
Aspiny (5%) neurons and Spiny neurons (95%)
26
which are smaller SN or A
sn are smaller than A
27
neurons that nee to integrate info from diverse sources possess
dendritic spines
28
axons in SNeurons
PROJECION NEURONS | -long axon that leaves straitum
29
acons in A neurons
LOCAL CIRCUIT/ INTERNEURONS | -short and do not leave the striatum
30
Spiny/Projection neurons use which NT
GABA
31
Striatum/Projection neurons broken down into two major subclasses based on co-secreted neuropeptides...what are those divisions
1. GABA plud Enkephalin (opioid) | 2. Gaba plus substance P
32
Projectioin neuron with GABA plus Enkephalin projects to
from Striatum to Globus Pallidus Externa
33
Projection-Spiny neuron with GABA plus suybstance P projects from
striatum to Globus pallidus Interna
34
to GPE
enkephalin
35
to GPI
substance p
36
SUBSTANCE P PRJECTS TO
GPI, SNC, SNR`
37
ENKEPHALIN PROJECTS TO
GPE ONLY
38
OPIATE CO SECRETED WITH GABA AND SUBSTANCE P
DYNORPHIN
39
DOPA RECEPTOR FOR striato-GPe- neurons
D2 dopamine receptor
40
substance p contiaining striatal projections possess whcih dopa receptor
D1
41
STRIATO-GPe-D2 neurons are responsible for
inhibiting movement potnetially conflicting with desired movement
42
striato GPi neurons are involved in
initiating limb movement,
43
striato SNr involved in
initiatiing eye abnd head movement
44
striato Nc neurons involved in
regulating dopa neurons
45
name the types of striatal interneurons
``` cholinergic-big cell body-uses ACH parvalbuminergic-calcium binding protein-uses GABA-large in size somatostatinergic-uses somatostatin- mainly uses gaba though-medium size celretinergic-CaBP-medium size-use gaba ```
46
interneuron involved in Huntington's dz
somatostatinergic
47
soomatostatinergic interneurons secrete what?
GABA main NT somatostatin NPY
48
changes in striatum/GP as huntingtons progresses
projection neurons die-thus GPe and GPi shrink in size somatostatinergic interneurons -are retained (600) further progresion causes these 600 to compress into a small space->
49
interneurons surviving poorly in HD
parvalbuminergic | *all other survive in HD
50
interneurons that oppose DA actio
cholinergic AN's
51
what type of Neuron is found in the pallidi? | SN or An
Aspiny with large rami in verticle plane
52
Neurotransmitter onto pallidal AN's
GABAergic synapse | -send axons out of pallidus to their target area
53
GPe projects to
subthalamic nucleus of the diencephalon
54
GPi projects to
motor thalamus
55
two nuclei making up the motor thalamus
1. ventral Anterior nucleus | 2. ventral lateral nucleus
56
ventral lateral nucleus has two parts
>VLc-Caudalis part (c part) | >VLo-Oralis part (o part)
57
GPI to:
MOTOR thalamuc | VAN and VLN
58
projections to VAnucleis of motor thalamus
GPi, Substantia Nigra,
59
projections from VAn
diffuse frontal cortex, area 6
60
Projections to VLO and VLC
dentate nucleus, globus pallidus, substantia nigra
61
projections from the VLC and VLO
area 4
62
VA projects to
area 6-pre-motor cortex
63
VL (o and C) projects to
area 4- primary motor cortex
64
major sources of input the the striatum
cortex (almost all), thalamus, substantia nigra (DOPA from compacta)
65
cortical neuron type that project onto striatum
5 pyramidal neurons | *also to brainstem and spinal cord
66
4 inputs to striataal spiny neurons
1. medium spiny (GABA) onto soma 2. Cerebral cortex (glutamate) 3. Substantia Nigra (dopamine) 4. Large Aspiny Cholinergic
67
modulates cortical input to striatal spine
DOPA signalling from SN

Neuro (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions