17. A

Question 1

→ widely accepted despite some esthetic limitations
→ remains reliable extra-coronal restorations

Answer 1

METAL CERAMIC PROSTHESES

Question 2

→ ceramic veneer is chemically bonded to the metal substructure
→ dental porcelain resists compressive strength
→ metal designed to minimize tensile stresses of the porcelain

Answer 2

COMBINE CAST METAL TO PORCELAIN

Question 3

→ ceramic veneer must not exceed 2 mm thickness to avoid
fracture
→ minimum of 1 mm thickness for esthetics

Answer 3

COMBINE CAST METAL TO PORCELAIN

Question 4

evolved from soluble silicate cements to composite resin and resin-modified glass ionomer cements

Answer 4

TOOTH-COLORED RESTORATIVE MATERIALS

Question 5

precious or semiprecious alloys usually contain a great quantity
of silver, along with more palladium and less

Answer 5

METAL SELECTION

Question 6

→ first casting alloys formulated to bond with dental porcelain
→ not recommended for multiple unit FDPs

Answer 6

Gold- Platinum- Palladium

Question 7

→ porcelain adherence was achieved by the
incorporation of tin and indium in the alloys
→ excellent corrosion resistance

Answer 7

Gold- Platinum- Palladium

Question 8

→ first lower gold content alternative alloys (50%)
→ excellent mechanical properties and porcelain adherence
→ green discoloration

Answer 8

Gold- Palladium- Silver

Question 9

→ silver free
→ excellent mechanical properties, elevated
temperature creep behavior and porcelain adherence without green discoloration

Answer 9

Gold- Palladium

Question 10

25% by weight of noble metal, with no requirement for gold percentage

Answer 10

NOBLE ALLOYS

Question 11

→ high silver content (approximately 30-35% by weight), these alloys have been called semiprecious
→ because of their high silver contents, porcelain greening and furnace contamination can result during fabrication of such FDPs

Answer 11

Palladium- Silver

Question 12

→ contain more than 70% by weight of palladium
→ economical alternatives to the gold-based alloys

Answer 12

Palladium- Copper- Gallium

Question 13

provide compositions with hardness lower than those of the initial Pd-Cu-Go formulations

Answer 13

Palladium- Gallium

Question 14

Pd-Ga-Co) alloy has a particularly dark oxide that is more difficult to mask with dental porcelain

Answer 14

Palladium- Gallium

Question 15

→ nonprecious metal
→ less than 25% of noble metal with no requirements for gold

Answer 15

PREDOMINANTLY BASE METAL ALLOYS

Question 16

→ most used for fixed prosthodontics
→ excellent result for costability

Answer 16

NICKEL-CHROMIUM

Question 17

→ used to lower the melting range and to decrease the viscosity of the molten alloy 2% by weight in Ni-Cr
→ provides strengthening and affects the thickness of the oxide layer when the alloy is oxidized for porcelain firing

Answer 17

BERYLLIUM

Question 18

exposure has been associated with lung and nasal cancer, chronic eczema
→ operator should wear mask and efficient suction when grinding and finishing a dental nickel-based alloy

Answer 18

NICKEL

Question 19

→ potential health problems associated with beryllium and nickel containing alloy
→ alternative base alloy system

Answer 19

COBALT-CHROMIUM

Question 20

→ excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance
→ lighter restorations and potentially less expensive

Answer 20

TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOYS