1.7 Flashcards
what is atp
an energy carrying molecule used in cells as it releases energy quickly
how does atp release energy
the end phosphate is removed once the energy is released it becomes adp
where does glycolysis occur
the cytoplasm
where does the citric acid cycle occur
the matrix of the mitochondria
where does the electron transport chain
inner membrane of the mitochondria
what does phosphorylated mean
the addition of a phosphate group
what happens during glycolysis
glucose is broke down into two pyruvate molecules, not requiring oxygen
what goes in to glycolysis
glucose
2 atp
phosphate
what is the product of glycolysis
2 pyruvate
2 atp
2 nadh
what do dehydrogenase enzymes do
remove hydrogen ions and electrons from intermediated
what happens in the energy investment phase of glycolysis
atp is used to phosphorylate glucose
what happens during the energy pay off phase
4 atp is made
what is pyruvate broken down into
an acetyl group
what happens to an acetyl group
it combines with coenzyme a to make acetyl co enzyme a
how is citrate formed
acetyl co enzyme a combines with oxaloacetate
how is atp generated in the citric acid cycle
citrate us gradually converted back into
oxaloacetate making atp
what are the products of the citric acid cycle
co2 and hydrogen
what goes into the citric acid cycle
2 acetyl co enzyme a
NAD
what goes into the electron transport chain
hydrogen and electrons from nadh
what is the electron transport chain
a series of carrier proteins attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane
how is atp produced by the electron transport chain
hydrogen ions are pumped accros the inner membrane , when they come back through the membrane they come back through atp synthase producing atp
how is water made in the citric acid cycle
hydrogen ions and electrons combine with oxygen to form water
