1.6B Global Stand Still Flashcards
What are Lava Flows?
Lava flows are streams of molten rock that pour or ooze from an erupting vent. Lava is erupted during either nonexplosive activity or explosive lava fountains.
What is Pyroclastic material?
Pyroclastic material is another name for a cloud of ash, lava fragments carried through the air, and vapour. Such a flow is usually very hot, and moves rapidly due to buoyancy provided by the vapours. Pyroclastic flows can extend miles from the volcano, and devastate life and property within their paths.
What are Pyroclastic flows?
A dense, destructive mass of very hot ash, lava fragments, and gases ejected explosively from a volcano and typically flowing at great speed.
What are Lahar’s?
Lahar’s is an Indonesian term that describes a hot or cold mixture of water and rock fragments that flows down the slopes of a volcano and typically enters a river valley. Small seasonal events are sometimes referred to as “debris flows”, especially in the Cascades.
When did the Eyjafjallajokull volcanic eruption occur?
In 2010, 14th April
How many people died in this so called ‘megaevent’?
There were surprisingly 0 casulties
What was the rating on the VEI of this volcanic eruption?
It was rated 4 on the VEI.
Why would globalisation increased impacts?
Global financial systems are interlinked so therefore major disasters affect insurance companies in several countries. With people in emerging countries such as Chile even having insurance.
What physical factors made the Iceland eruption a megadisaster?
The ash ravelled through the jet steam, impacting other countries in Europe, and Japan
The volcano melting the ice created super abrasive ash (which could damage jet engines)
How much did the disaster cost the European economy?
The European economy lost $5bn
Why was the Iceland disaster an example of economic mismanagement?
There was too much reliance on international trade, e.g. Kenya exporting flowers to Europe
Are there positive examples of management in response to the Iceland eruption?
Norway - couldn’t trade their salmon, so New Zealand decided to export to Europe instead
Can we blame globalisation for making the impacts Iceland disaster so bad?
Yes - because we rely on trade (and there’s too much interdependence)
No - we still need international trade to grow economies
Benefits > Costs
How much damage was done to the African economy
400 tonnes of flowers
$2million a day
