166b fat pathophysiology

Question 1

men vs women

Answer 1

women have more fat at the same BMI

men have more muscle

Question 2

adipokines - lipotoxicity

Answer 2

TNG-a, leptin, cytokines all go up (except adiponectin – protective)

effect other organs

Question 3

what is the worst kind of fat?

Answer 3

abdominal fat - visceral fat

causes dyslipidemia, dysfunction, and insuling resistance

Question 4

what is the only thing that fat secretes which is protective and secreted more with less fat?

Answer 4

adiponectin

Question 5

what happens with fat gain in regards to cell types?

Answer 5

more fat –> macrophages and inflammation

Question 6

does lipsection improve health outcomes?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

how does visceral fat affect insulin resilance?

Answer 7

visceral fat/liver fat increases insulin resistance –> atherosclerosis

Question 8

metabolic syndrome

Answer 8

BMI isn’t a component but high waist circumference is the biggest risk factor

Question 9

which fat people get CV disease?

Answer 9

those with metabolic syndrome otherwise still insulin sensitive

Question 10

obesity and GERD, diaphragmatic movement

Answer 10

increased due to high abdomninal P

reduced ERV, FRC, RV - can’t take a deep breath
much smaller reserve

Question 11

respiratory consequences of obesity

Answer 11

smaller reserves

requires higher RR b/c higher BMR –> blow off more CO2 (high PaO2, low PaCO2) –> cor pulmonale, OSA

compliance of chest wall goes down due to mass

Question 12

CV and obesity

Answer 12

increased blood volume, increased CO, increased LVEDV –> LVH (usually eccentric) –> LAE –> AF

HF risk is proportional to BMI