1.6 The Venous Drainage of the Brain Flashcards
What do the series of Veins, draining the Brain, drain into?
Dural Venous Sinuses
Where are the Dural Venous Sinuses located?
Between the Periosteum and the Cranial Dura
What are the 2 groups the Cerebral Veins can be divided into?
- Superficial
2. Deep
Which of the Deep group of Veins can be found on Wet Specimens?
The Great Cerebral Vein (of Galen)
What are the names of the Sinuses in the Brain?
- Superior Sagittal Sinus
- Inferior Sagittal Sinus
- Cavernous Sinus
- Superior Petrosal Sinus
- Inferior Petrosal Sinus
- Straight Sinus
- Transverse Sinus
- Sigmoid Sinus
What are the names of the Deep Veins in the Brain
- Superior Ophthalmic Vein
- Middle Cerebral Vein
- Great Cerebral Vein
- Vein of Trolard
What does the Vein of Trolard connect?
- The Superior Sagittal Sinus
2. The Inferior Sagittal Sinus
What does the Inferior Sagittal Sinus go on to form?
The Straight Sinus
What is the name of the area where the Superior Sagittal Sinus and the Straight Sinus meet?
The Confluence of the Sinuses
What arises from the Confluence of the Sinuses?
The 2 Transverse Sinuses
What do the Transverse Sinuses go onto form?
The Sigmoid Sinus
What Veins feeds into the Cavernous Sinus?
- The Superior Ophthalmic Vein
2. The Middle Cerebral Veins
What connects the Cavernous Sinus to the Sigmoid Sinus?
The Superior and Inferior Petrosal Sinuses
What forms the Great Cerebral Vein?
A union of:
- The Thalamostriate Vein
- The Choroid Vein
Where do the Veins which form the Great Cerebral Vein converge?
At the Intraventricular Foramina
Where does the Great Cerebral Vein drain into?
The Straight Sinus
Where is the Straight Sinus located?
In the Midline of the Tentorum Cerebelli
What does the Sigmoid Sinus go on to form?
The Internal Jugular Vein
Through which Foramen does the Internal Jugular Vein leave the Cranium?
The Jugular Foramen
Other than the Internal Jugular Vein, are there any other connections between the Extracranial Veins and the Intracranial Venous Sinuses?
And if so, what are they?
Yes:
- The Superior Ophthalmic Vein drains into the Cavernous Sinus
- Emissary Veins are small veins connecting Cranial Venous Sinuses to the Diploe of the Skull, and these are continuous with Veins of the Scalp
- The Basilar Sinus (which connects the 2 inferior Petrosal Sinuses) is also connected to the Internal Vertebral Sinus
Where is the Cavernous Sinus located?
Directly posterior to the Superior Orbital Fissure
What Structures of the Skull are closely related to the Cavernous Sinus?
- Cranial Nerves III, IV, V1, V2, VI,
- The Internal Carotid Artery
- The Ophthalmic Vein
- The Middle Cerebral Vein
- The Sphenoid Air Sinuses
- The Sella Turcica
What is a Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis?
A clinical condition due to a spread of infection via Emissary Veins from the Nose, Sinuses, Ears and Teeth.
What can a Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis cause?
- This can cause Bulging Eyes due to an increase in the pressure behind the Eye due to the build up of blood in the Sinus
- This can also cause Loss of Vision due to the Paralysis of the Nerves coursing through the it.
What is the Distribution Pattern of the Spinal Cord Veins similar to?
The Spinal Arteries
Which orientation are the Anterior and Posterior Spinal Veins in?
The Longitudinal Axis
Do the Anterior and Posterior Spinal Veins communicate freely with each other?
Yes
What do the Anterior and Posterior Spinal Veins join to form?
The Internal Vertebral (Epidural) Venous Plexus
Where does the Internal Vertebral (Epidural) Venous Plexus lie?
In the Epidural Space
Where does the Internal Vertebral (Epidural) Venous Plexus travel?
Superiorly, within the Vertebral Canal, through the Foramen Magnum
What does the Internal Vertebral (Epidural) Venous Plexus communicate with?
- The Dural Sinuses and Veins within the Skull
2. The External Vertebral Venous Plexus
Where can the External Vertebral Venous Plexus be found?
On the External Surface of the Vertebrae
