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Design and Technolgy > 1.6 Materiel Categories > Flashcards

1.6 Materiel Categories Flashcards

1
Q

what 3 things is timber?

A
  • Recycle
  • Reusable
  • Renewable
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2
Q

Where do Hardwoods come from?

A

-They come from deciduous trees which can take years to mature

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3
Q

Name 4 of the Hardwoods?

A
  • Ash
  • Beech
  • Mahogany
  • Oak
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4
Q

Where do softwoods come from?

A
  • They come from coniferous trees
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5
Q

Name 3 of the softwoods?

A
  • Pine
  • Larch
  • Spruce
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6
Q

Name the 3 types of manufactured boards?

A
  • Plywood
  • Chipboard
  • Medium Density Fibreboards (MDF)
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7
Q

Describe What MDF is and how its made?

A

-MDF is made from tiny fibres of softwood Timbers that are held together by glue
- MDF is Natural Grain
- Its very cheap,dense,and has a smooth surface that takes paint and other paints well
- Its used in Shelves and Flat-pack Furniture

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8
Q

Describe What Chipboard is and how its made?

A
  • ChipBoard is made by Compressing wood chips ,shavings and sawdust together
  • It’s cheap,not very strong its very Absorbent
  • It’s usually used in A Veneered surface and In Cheap self-assembled furniture
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9
Q

Describe What Plywood is and how its made?

A

-Plywood is made by several layers of softwood and hardwood glued together with their grains at right angles
- The Structure makes it very strong for weightness and thickness compared to solid wood
- Its used in building and Furniture

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10
Q

What Is Chipboard Used For?

A
  • Its Used For Veneered Worktops and Flooring.
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11
Q

What Is MDF Used For?

A
  • Its Used For Kitchens and Flat- Pack Furniture.
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12
Q

What Is Plywood Used For?

A
  • Its Used For Shelving,Work Surfaces,Floors and Furnitures.
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13
Q

Write a Definition of a Ferrous Metal and non-ferrous metal?

A
  • Ferrous metals are commonly used in everyday objects such as car body parts.
    -Non-ferrous metals are commonly used in everyday objects such as take away trays.
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14
Q

Name 4 characteristics that Ferrous Metals Contain?

A
  • 1) These Metals contain Iron.
  • 2) These Metals are Magnetic.
  • 3) These Metals Dont Have any protective coating so they will rust if its exposed to moisture.
  • 4) Other metals and compounds can be mixed with these metals to enhanced their properties like carbon.
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15
Q

Name the 5 ferrous metals?

A
  • Cast Iron
  • Low Carbon steel
  • High Carbon Steel
  • Steel
  • Mild Steel
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16
Q

Name The 4 characteristics That Non-Ferrous Metals Contain?

A
  • 1) These Metals don’t Contain Iron.
  • 2) These Metals Are generally not Magnetic.
  • 3) These Metals do Not Rust.
  • 4) These Metals can Oxidise Which Causes The surface of the metal to change colour.
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17
Q

What the Appearance of high Carbon Steel and What Could Happen if Its Not Protected?

A
  • High carbon steel Is Bright, Grey in the appearance with a Smoot Texture.
  • The Metal Could Also Oxide If its not Protected.
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18
Q

Name 4 Common Uses of High Carbon Steel?

A
  • 1) Blades.
  • 2) Scissors.
  • 3) Tools.
  • 4) Wood And Metal Cutting tools such as drill bats.
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19
Q

Name the 6 non-Ferrous metals contain

A
  • Aluminium
  • Copper
  • Gold
  • Silver
  • Tin
  • Zinc
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20
Q

Write The Appearance of Tin and Name its Uses?

A
  • Tin is Slivery grey Appearance with a shiny finishes.
  • Common Uses: Tin cans, soft solder Mixed as an alloy with copper to crates bronze.
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21
Q

What Happens in Tin and What does tin conduct Well?

A
  • Tin is often plated onto steel and is soft and malleable.
  • Tin is a Good Conductor of Electricity.
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22
Q

Write a Definition of a Alloy?

A
  • A Alloy is a Mixture of 2 or More metals or metals mixed with 1 or more elements.
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23
Q

Name the 3 Characteristics that Alloys Contain?

A
  • 1) These metals are combined to improve their working Properties.
  • 2) These Metals are combined to improve their Aesthetics.
  • 3) Alloys are a Result of 2 or More metals mixed together where at least 1 Metal is non-Ferrous.
24
Q

Name The 4 Alloys?

A
  • Brass
  • Stainless steel
  • Cobalt
  • Tungsten
25
Q

What is brass made up of and what is the appearance of brass?

A
  • Brass ins made up of 65% copper and 35% Zinc.
  • Brass is a yellow/gold in appearance and goes brown when it rusts.
26
Q

Name the 3 common uses of brass and What is Brass Described as?

A
  • The 3 Common uses of Brass is Ornaments, Musical Instruments and pluming fittings.
  • Brass is a heavy alloy that is malleable, easy to cut and has low friction.
27
Q

Name the 2 Different Types of Polymers/plastics?

A

1) Thermosetting polymers.
- 2) Thermoforming polymers.

28
Q

Name 4 characteristics that thermoforming polymers have?

A
  • 1) They are More flexible when They are Heated.
  • 2) They are easy to recycle.
  • 3) They can be shaped into complex shapes and can be reshaped multiple times.
  • 4) They are built up of loosely entangled polymers chains.
29
Q

Name 3 Common uses of Thermoforming Polymers and what are they know as?

A
  • 1) Vacuum Forming.
  • 2) Blow Moulding.
  • 3) Injection moulding.
  • They are know as Thermoplastics.
30
Q

Name 3 characteristics about thermosetting polymers?

A
  • 1) These polymers are more ridge, harder and brittle.
  • 2) These polymers are built in with many more cross links between them.
  • 3) They can be shaped into complex shapes but when they are set they cannot be re-shaped agian.
31
Q

What Thermosetting polymers resistant to and what are they good at insulating?

A
  • Thermosetting polymers are resistant to heat and chemicals.
  • Thermosetting polymers are excellent at conducting Electricity.
32
Q

What is the problem with Thermosetting polymers?

A
  • They are difficult to recycle as when heated they burn rather than melt.
33
Q

What’s The mnemonic to Remember 6 of the Thermoforming plastics?

A
  • All - Acrylic
  • Happy - High density polyethylene
  • People - Polyethylene
  • Have - High impact polystyrene
  • Perfect - Polypropylene
  • Plans - Polyvinyl chloride
    All happy people have perfect plans
34
Q

What’s The mnemonic to Remember 5 of the Thermosetting plastics?

A
  • Energetic - Epoxy Resin.
  • Unicorns - Urea formaldehyde.
  • Play- Phenol- Formaldehyde.
  • Music- Melamine formaldehyde.
  • Perfectly- Polyester Resin.
    Energetic Unicorns Play Music Perfectly
35
Q

Describe what polymers are in High Density polyethylene and Describe the Characteristics of Polymers?

A
  • The polymers are opaque, coloured or textured.
  • These Polymers are lightweight, Chemical resistant and rip resistance.
36
Q

What’s is the Logo for High density polyethylene (HDP) and name the 4 common uses?

A
  • The Logo for High density polyethylene (HDP) is a triangle recycling logo number 2.
  • Common uses: Milk bottles Hard Hats wheelie bins and pipes.
37
Q

What do all thermoforming have that thermosetting doesn’t have?

A
  • All Thermoforming plastics have logos but thermosetting plastics don’t.
38
Q

Describe the Polymers of Urea Formaldehyde (UF) And describe the Characteristics of ?

A
  • These polymers are mainly white, Versatile and Smooth.
  • These polymers are heat resistant, Good electrical insulators, hard , brittle and easily moulded.
39
Q

Name the 3 Common uses of UF?

A
  • The 3 Common uses are electrical fittings, casings and handles and buttons.
40
Q

Where do Natural fibres Come from and Name the 3 Common natural fibres and where do they come from?

A
  • 1) Plants.
  • 2) Animals.
  • The 3 Common natural fibres are cotton wool and silk.
  • Cotton comes from plants, Wool comes from sheep’s and silk comes from silk worms.
41
Q

Name 3 Characteristics That Plant-Based Natural fibres have?

A
  • 1) These plant fibres can be spurn Together to make warn.
  • 2) Fabrics are extracted from plant-based materials that are renewable but take a long time to grow.
  • 3) The most common type is cotton.
42
Q

Name 3 Characteristics That Animal-Based Natural fibres have?

A
  • 1) These animal-based fibres can be spun together to make yarn.
  • 2) Fabrics are taken from animal-based materials that are renewable but take a long time to extract.
  • 3) The most common type is wool and silk.
43
Q

What is Synthetic fibres made from?

A

-They are made from Polymers (Long chain of molecules)
-They are also made from coal and oil (Non-Renewable resources)

44
Q

What’s the Acronym to remember the 3 different types of Synthetic Fibres?

A
  • P - Polyester
  • E - Elastane
  • P - Polyamide
45
Q

Name 4 Characteristics That Synthetic Fibres have?

A
  • 1) Synthetic Fibres are ready available and easy to maintain.
  • 2) Synthetic Fibres are durable and have a high resistant to wear and tear.
  • 3) Synthetic Fibres absorb very little water and dry very quickly.
  • 4) Synthetic Fibres can be very lightweight and wrinkle resistant.
46
Q

Name 3 Characteristics That Blended and Mixed Fibres have?

A
  • 1) Blended fabrics are created by combining 1 or more fibres together to make fabrics.
  • 2) They tend to be easy to clean, Care for and Comfortable.
  • 3) Common example include Polyester/cotton and Nylon/wool.
47
Q

Name 2 Characteristics about woven textiles?

A
  • 1) Woven Textiles are produced by weaving yarn this dates back to thousands of year.
  • 2) The most common types of woven fabric is plain weave.
48
Q

Name 2 Common uses of Woven textiles and name 3 Characteristics about plain weave?

A
  • 1) This woven textile has threads interlaced at 90 degrees to each other.
  • 2) The vertical thread is called the warp and the horizontal thread is called the weft.
  • 3) The simple weave structure makes the fabric strong and cheap to produce.
  • The 2 Common uses of woven textiles is Table cloth and clothing.
49
Q

Name 3 Characteristics about Non- woven textiles?

A
  • 1) Non-woven textiles are made directly from fibres without being spun into yarns
  • 2) They are heat resistant.
  • 3) They tend to be bonded together from a web of fibres held together with heat.
50
Q

Name a example of non-woven textiles and name 3 Characteristics of knitted textiles?

A
  • One example of non- woven is Surgeons Clothing.
  • 1) Knitted textiles is a traditional technique that has been used for hundreds of years and incorporates interlocking yarn loops to make a fabric.
  • 2) There are two types of knitted fabric called warp and weft knit.
  • 3) Knitting can be done by machine or by hand.
51
Q

Name 3 Facts about silk?

A
  • 1) Silk is an animal-based natural fibre.
  • 2) These fibres are taken from a cocoon of a silkworm.
  • 3) These fibres have a natural shine and a readily taken the dye.
52
Q

Name some problems with silk and name 5 Common Uses of Silk?

A
  • Silk can crease very easily and can be difficult to wash.
  • Silk Common uses: Luxury nightwear, clothing, bed linin silk paintings and soft furnishes.
53
Q

What can Happens to silk in the summer during winter?

A
  • silk can feel cool in the summer But its warm in winter and drapes well.
54
Q

Describe The Ascetics of Elastane (LYCRA) and what often happens to elastane?

A
  • This fabric is very slick and smooth to touch with a shine.
  • its often mixed with other fabrics to enhance its properties especially elastically.
55
Q
A

Design and Technolgy (17 decks)

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