1.6 Materiel Categories Flashcards
1
Q
what 3 things is timber?
A
- Recycle
- Reusable
- Renewable
2
Q
Where do Hardwoods come from?
A
-They come from deciduous trees which can take years to mature
3
Q
Name 4 of the Hardwoods?
A
- Ash
- Beech
- Mahogany
- Oak
4
Q
Where do softwoods come from?
A
- They come from coniferous trees
5
Q
Name 3 of the softwoods?
A
- Pine
- Larch
- Spruce
6
Q
Name the 3 types of manufactured boards?
A
- Plywood
- Chipboard
- Medium Density Fibreboards (MDF)
7
Q
Describe What MDF is and how its made?
A
-MDF is made from tiny fibres of softwood Timbers that are held together by glue
- MDF is Natural Grain
- Its very cheap,dense,and has a smooth surface that takes paint and other paints well
- Its used in Shelves and Flat-pack Furniture
8
Q
Describe What Chipboard is and how its made?
A
- ChipBoard is made by Compressing wood chips ,shavings and sawdust together
- It’s cheap,not very strong its very Absorbent
- It’s usually used in A Veneered surface and In Cheap self-assembled furniture
9
Q
Describe What Plywood is and how its made?
A
-Plywood is made by several layers of softwood and hardwood glued together with their grains at right angles
- The Structure makes it very strong for weightness and thickness compared to solid wood
- Its used in building and Furniture
10
Q
What Is Chipboard Used For?
A
- Its Used For Veneered Worktops and Flooring.
11
Q
What Is MDF Used For?
A
- Its Used For Kitchens and Flat- Pack Furniture.
12
Q
What Is Plywood Used For?
A
- Its Used For Shelving,Work Surfaces,Floors and Furnitures.
13
Q
Write a Definition of a Ferrous Metal and non-ferrous metal?
A
- Ferrous metals are commonly used in everyday objects such as car body parts.
-Non-ferrous metals are commonly used in everyday objects such as take away trays.
14
Q
Name 4 characteristics that Ferrous Metals Contain?
A
- 1) These Metals contain Iron.
- 2) These Metals are Magnetic.
- 3) These Metals Dont Have any protective coating so they will rust if its exposed to moisture.
- 4) Other metals and compounds can be mixed with these metals to enhanced their properties like carbon.
15
Q
Name the 5 ferrous metals?
A
- Cast Iron
- Low Carbon steel
- High Carbon Steel
- Steel
- Mild Steel
16
Q
Name The 4 characteristics That Non-Ferrous Metals Contain?
A
- 1) These Metals don’t Contain Iron.
- 2) These Metals Are generally not Magnetic.
- 3) These Metals do Not Rust.
- 4) These Metals can Oxidise Which Causes The surface of the metal to change colour.
17
Q
What the Appearance of high Carbon Steel and What Could Happen if Its Not Protected?
A
- High carbon steel Is Bright, Grey in the appearance with a Smoot Texture.
- The Metal Could Also Oxide If its not Protected.
18
Q
Name 4 Common Uses of High Carbon Steel?
A
- 1) Blades.
- 2) Scissors.
- 3) Tools.
- 4) Wood And Metal Cutting tools such as drill bats.
19
Q
Name the 6 non-Ferrous metals contain
A
- Aluminium
- Copper
- Gold
- Silver
- Tin
- Zinc
20
Q
Write The Appearance of Tin and Name its Uses?
A
- Tin is Slivery grey Appearance with a shiny finishes.
- Common Uses: Tin cans, soft solder Mixed as an alloy with copper to crates bronze.
21
Q
What Happens in Tin and What does tin conduct Well?
A
- Tin is often plated onto steel and is soft and malleable.
- Tin is a Good Conductor of Electricity.
22
Q
Write a Definition of a Alloy?
A
- A Alloy is a Mixture of 2 or More metals or metals mixed with 1 or more elements.
23
Q
Name the 3 Characteristics that Alloys Contain?
A
- 1) These metals are combined to improve their working Properties.
- 2) These Metals are combined to improve their Aesthetics.
- 3) Alloys are a Result of 2 or More metals mixed together where at least 1 Metal is non-Ferrous.
24
Q
Name The 4 Alloys?
A
- Brass
- Stainless steel
- Cobalt
- Tungsten
25
What is brass made up of and what is the appearance of brass?
- Brass ins made up of 65% copper and 35% Zinc.
- Brass is a yellow/gold in appearance and goes brown when it rusts.
26
Name the 3 common uses of brass and What is Brass Described as?
- The 3 Common uses of Brass is Ornaments, Musical Instruments and pluming fittings.
- Brass is a heavy alloy that is malleable, easy to cut and has low friction.
27
Name the 2 Different Types of Polymers/plastics?
1) Thermosetting polymers.
- 2) Thermoforming polymers.
28
Name 4 characteristics that thermoforming polymers have?
- 1) They are More flexible when They are Heated.
- 2) They are easy to recycle.
- 3) They can be shaped into complex shapes and can be reshaped multiple times.
- 4) They are built up of loosely entangled polymers chains.
29
Name 3 Common uses of Thermoforming Polymers and what are they know as?
- 1) Vacuum Forming.
- 2) Blow Moulding.
- 3) Injection moulding.
- They are know as Thermoplastics.
30
Name 3 characteristics about thermosetting polymers?
- 1) These polymers are more ridge, harder and brittle.
- 2) These polymers are built in with many more cross links between them.
- 3) They can be shaped into complex shapes but when they are set they cannot be re-shaped agian.
31
What Thermosetting polymers resistant to and what are they good at insulating?
- Thermosetting polymers are resistant to heat and chemicals.
- Thermosetting polymers are excellent at conducting Electricity.
32
What is the problem with Thermosetting polymers?
- They are difficult to recycle as when heated they burn rather than melt.
33
What's The mnemonic to Remember 6 of the Thermoforming plastics?
- All - Acrylic
- Happy - High density polyethylene
- People - Polyethylene
- Have - High impact polystyrene
- Perfect - Polypropylene
- Plans - Polyvinyl chloride
All happy people have perfect plans
34
What's The mnemonic to Remember 5 of the Thermosetting plastics?
- Energetic - Epoxy Resin.
- Unicorns - Urea formaldehyde.
- Play- Phenol- Formaldehyde.
- Music- Melamine formaldehyde.
- Perfectly- Polyester Resin.
Energetic Unicorns Play Music Perfectly
35
Describe what polymers are in High Density polyethylene and Describe the Characteristics of Polymers?
- The polymers are opaque, coloured or textured.
- These Polymers are lightweight, Chemical resistant and rip resistance.
36
What's is the Logo for High density polyethylene (HDP) and name the 4 common uses?
- The Logo for High density polyethylene (HDP) is a triangle recycling logo number 2.
- Common uses: Milk bottles Hard Hats wheelie bins and pipes.
37
What do all thermoforming have that thermosetting doesn't have?
- All Thermoforming plastics have logos but thermosetting plastics don't.
38
Describe the Polymers of Urea Formaldehyde (UF) And describe the Characteristics of ?
- These polymers are mainly white, Versatile and Smooth.
- These polymers are heat resistant, Good electrical insulators, hard , brittle and easily moulded.
39
Name the 3 Common uses of UF?
- The 3 Common uses are electrical fittings, casings and handles and buttons.
40
Where do Natural fibres Come from and Name the 3 Common natural fibres and where do they come from?
- 1) Plants.
- 2) Animals.
- The 3 Common natural fibres are cotton wool and silk.
- Cotton comes from plants, Wool comes from sheep's and silk comes from silk worms.
41
Name 3 Characteristics That Plant-Based Natural fibres have?
- 1) These plant fibres can be spurn Together to make warn.
- 2) Fabrics are extracted from plant-based materials that are renewable but take a long time to grow.
- 3) The most common type is cotton.
42
Name 3 Characteristics That Animal-Based Natural fibres have?
- 1) These animal-based fibres can be spun together to make yarn.
- 2) Fabrics are taken from animal-based materials that are renewable but take a long time to extract.
- 3) The most common type is wool and silk.
43
What is Synthetic fibres made from?
-They are made from Polymers (Long chain of molecules)
-They are also made from coal and oil (Non-Renewable resources)
44
What's the Acronym to remember the 3 different types of Synthetic Fibres?
- P - Polyester
- E - Elastane
- P - Polyamide
45
Name 4 Characteristics That Synthetic Fibres have?
- 1) Synthetic Fibres are ready available and easy to maintain.
- 2) Synthetic Fibres are durable and have a high resistant to wear and tear.
- 3) Synthetic Fibres absorb very little water and dry very quickly.
- 4) Synthetic Fibres can be very lightweight and wrinkle resistant.
46
Name 3 Characteristics That Blended and Mixed Fibres have?
- 1) Blended fabrics are created by combining 1 or more fibres together to make fabrics.
- 2) They tend to be easy to clean, Care for and Comfortable.
- 3) Common example include Polyester/cotton and Nylon/wool.
47
Name 2 Characteristics about woven textiles?
- 1) Woven Textiles are produced by weaving yarn this dates back to thousands of year.
- 2) The most common types of woven fabric is plain weave.
48
Name 2 Common uses of Woven textiles and name 3 Characteristics about plain weave?
- 1) This woven textile has threads interlaced at 90 degrees to each other.
- 2) The vertical thread is called the warp and the horizontal thread is called the weft.
- 3) The simple weave structure makes the fabric strong and cheap to produce.
- The 2 Common uses of woven textiles is Table cloth and clothing.
49
Name 3 Characteristics about Non- woven textiles?
- 1) Non-woven textiles are made directly from fibres without being spun into yarns
- 2) They are heat resistant.
- 3) They tend to be bonded together from a web of fibres held together with heat.
50
Name a example of non-woven textiles and name 3 Characteristics of knitted textiles?
- One example of non- woven is Surgeons Clothing.
- 1) Knitted textiles is a traditional technique that has been used for hundreds of years and incorporates interlocking yarn loops to make a fabric.
- 2) There are two types of knitted fabric called warp and weft knit.
- 3) Knitting can be done by machine or by hand.
51
Name 3 Facts about silk?
- 1) Silk is an animal-based natural fibre.
- 2) These fibres are taken from a cocoon of a silkworm.
- 3) These fibres have a natural shine and a readily taken the dye.
52
Name some problems with silk and name 5 Common Uses of Silk?
- Silk can crease very easily and can be difficult to wash.
- Silk Common uses: Luxury nightwear, clothing, bed linin silk paintings and soft furnishes.
53
What can Happens to silk in the summer during winter?
- silk can feel cool in the summer But its warm in winter and drapes well.
54
Describe The Ascetics of Elastane (LYCRA) and what often happens to elastane?
- This fabric is very slick and smooth to touch with a shine.
- its often mixed with other fabrics to enhance its properties especially elastically.
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