(16) - Equine Sarcoid

Question 1

1. Sarcoid is locally aggressive, fibroblastic skin tumor that does not metastasize.
2. How common is spontaneous remission?
3. The etiology of equine sarcoid would suggest what?

Answer 1

2. rare
3. a papovavirus (bovine papilloma virus types 1 and 2) and a possible genetic predilection associated with the major histocompatibility complex.

Question 2

1. Animals of any age may be affected, but over 70% of the cases occur in what age of horse?
2. Lesions may occur anywhere on the body, especially where?
3. Lesions can be single or multiple
4. Five types have been described: occult (flat), verrucous (warty), nodular, fibroblastic (proud flesh-like) and mixed verrucous and fibroblastic.

Answer 2

1. horses younger than four years of age.

2. on the head (periocular, pinnae, and commissures of lips), legs and ventral trunk.

Question 3

1. The definitive diagnosis is based on what?

Answer 3

1. histopathologic findings

Question 4

1. No therapy has been found which is universally effective in eliminating sarcoid tumors.
2. What sarcoid tumors should be left alone?
3. Treatment modalities include: cryosurgery, immunotherapy, surgical excision, radiation therapy, laser therapy, hyperthermia, various topical products, intratumoral chemotherapy and systemic therapy.

Answer 4

2. occult, verrucous, and nodular sarcoid tumors (: trauma of biopsy or surgical excision may result in transformation to fibroblastic type)