1.6 Flashcards
Sensation
A physical perception resulting from something that happens to or comes into contact with the body
Perception
The ability to see,hear or become aware or something through senses
Just noticeable difference
Th smallest difference in the sound for us to perceive a change in the radios volume
Absolute threshold
The lowest level of a stimulus that a person can detect half of the time
Sensory adaption
The process by which our brain cells become less sensitive to constant stimuli that are picked up by our senses
Webers law
Explains how people perceive changes in stimuli such as sound or weight
Synesthesia psychology
A neurological phenomenon that causes people to experience multiple senses simultaneously
Retina
A light sensitive layer of tissue in the eye that converts lights into neural signals that are sent to the brain for processing
Blind spot
An area of thinking perception or behavior where a person is unaware of their biases limitations or shortcomings
Accommodation
The process of adjusting out cognitive schemas to incorporate new information or experiences
Near sightedness
A refractive error that makes far away objects look blurry
Far sightedness
Refractive error that makes nearly objects look blurry
Rods
Photoreceptors in the retina that are responsible for black and white vision low light conditions
Cones
Photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for color vision and detailed visual perception
Tri-chromatic Theory
The Idea that human eyes perceive color by combining three types of light (red,blue,green)
Opponent process theory
A phycological theory that explains how the mind perceives color and other phenomena
Afterimage
An image that continues to appear in the eyes after a period of exposure to the original image
Ganglion cells
Neurons in the retina to the brain
Color vision deficiency
A reduced ability to distinguish between certain colors (color blindness)
Dichromatism
Partial color blindness in which only two colors are perceptible weed
Monochromatism
A Type of color blindness that causes people to see all colors as different shades of the same color or as shades of gray
Prosopagnosia
A condition that makes it difficult to recognize faces even though vision is normal
Blindsight
A neurological condition that allows people who are critically blind to respond to visual stimuli that they are unaware of
Pitch
The ability to perceive and differentiate between different sound frequencies or the high or low tone of a sound is
Loudness
The magnitude of the auditory sensation that a listener experiences when exposed to a sound
Place theory
Explains how humans perceive pitch
Volley theory
When high frequency sounds are experienced too frequently for a single neuron to adequately process and fire for each sound event the organs of the ear combine the multiple stimuli into a “volley” to process the sounds
Frequency theory
A theory of pitch perception that states that the pitch of a sound is determined by the rate at which auditory nerve fibers fire
Conduction deafness
A type of hearing impairment that occurs when sound waves are unable to travel through the outer layers r middle ear to the inner ear
Sensorineural deafness
A type of hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear specifically the hair cells within the cochlea or the auditory nerve
Olfactory system
Sensory system responsible for the sense of smell including the nose and many parts of the brain
Pheronomones
Chemical substances that are secreted by one individual and detected by another individual of the same species, triggering a specific behavioral or developmental response
Gustation
Sense of taste (sweet,salty,sour,bitter,savory
Gate control
Theory that explains how the spinal cord controls transmission of pain signals to the brain
Phantom limb Sensations
Perception of a missing limb as if it were still there, and can include both painful and non painful sensations
Vestibular
Sense of balance and body position that allows us to move smoothly and maintain balance
Kinesthesia
Sense of movement and position of the body or the ability to sense how body parts are moving
