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Psychology > 1.3 > Flashcards

1.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Neural Cells

A

Basic building of the nervous stem, responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body.

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2
Q

Neurons

A

Responsible for many of body’s actions

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3
Q

Gial Cells

A

Cells that support nerve cells, or neurons, in the nervous system

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4
Q

The Reflex Arc

A

Function in order to maintain a balanced and stable position

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5
Q

Sensory Neurons

A

Nerve cells that receive sensory input from the environment and transmit that information to the brain

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6
Q

Motor Neurons

A

Specialized brain cells that transmit impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles,glands,and organs throughout the body

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7
Q

Interneurons

A

Connects sensory and motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord

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8
Q

Mirror Neurons

A

Provide a mechanism for action understanding, imitation learning, and stimulation of other peoples behavior

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9
Q

Neural Transmission

A

Transmission of nerve impulses across synapse

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10
Q

All Or Nothing Principle

A

Describes how nerve cells either fire at full strength or do not

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11
Q

Depolarization

A

Membrane potential becomes less negative, facilitating the generation of an action potential

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12
Q

Refractory Period

A

The period immediately after a neuronal firing during which no additional neuronal firings can be completed

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13
Q

Resting Potential

A

When a neuron is resting

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14
Q

Reuptake

A

Pre synaptic neuron reabsorbs its released neurotransmitter after the neurotransmitter has done its job by binding to the postsynaptic neuron

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15
Q

Threshold

A

The lowest point at which a particular stimulus will cause a response in an organism

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16
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

Chronic disease of the CNS where immune system attacks sheath and causes communication problems between your brain and body

17
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

Chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscle, resulting in weakness of the skeletal muscles

18
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical that allows neurons to communicate with each other throughout the body

19
Q

Excitatory Transmitter

A

Excite neuron that causes neurons to fire off the message.

20
Q

Inhibitory Transmitter

A

Block or prevent the chemical message from being passed along any further

21
Q

Dopamine

A

Type of neurotransmitter and hormone that plays a role in movement, memory, and motivation

22
Q

Serotonin

A

Neurotransmitter with an integral role in the body like behavior, mood, memory, and gastrointestinal homeostasis

23
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Neurotransmitter of the brain that plays as essential role in the regulation of arousal, attention, cognitive function, and stress resctions

24
Q

Glutamate

A

Neurotransmitter important to memory cognition and mood regulation

25
Q

GABA

A

neurotransmitter, chemical messenger to your brain, blocks specific signals in CNS to slow down brain (produces a calming affect)

26
Q

Endorphins

A

Neurotransmitter released by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus in the brain.

27
Q

Substance P

A

Neuroleptics involved in inflammation and in signaling noxious stimulation to the brain

28
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitter that is considered excitatory and carries messages from brain to body

29
Q

Adrenaline

A

Helps you prepare for stressful or dangerous situations, secreted by adrenaline glands

30
Q

Leptin

A

Hormone your body releases that helps maintain your nor a, weight on a long term basis

31
Q

Ghrelin

A

Multifaceted hormone which activates its receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor, insulin increase and protects cardiovascular health

32
Q

Melatonin

A

Hormone in your body that plays a role in sleep

33
Q

OxyContin

A

Euphoria, a feeling of relaxation are the most common affect of oxycodone on the brain

34
Q

Psychoactive Drugs

A

Chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alteration in perception, moods consciousness, cognition, or behavior

35
Q

Antagonists

A

Chemical medication that attaches to the brain receptors and inhibits an agonist from reacting

36
Q

Stimulants

A

Broad class of drugs that increase the activity of the CNS

37
Q

Depressants

A

Substances that slow down the CNS resulting in an overall feeling of relaxation

38
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Group of drugs that alter a persons perception of reality

39
Q

Opioids

A

Natural semi synthetic or synthetic chemicals that interact with opioid receptors in the body and brain and reduce perception of pain

Psychology (6 decks)

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