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Hematology > 1.6 > Flashcards

1.6 Flashcards

1
Q

Auer rods may be seen in all of the following except:

A. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4)
B. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
C. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation (M1)
D. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

B. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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2
Q

Which type of anemia is usually present in a patient with acute leukemia?

A. Microcytic, hyperchromic
B. Microcytic, hypochromic
C. Normocytic, normochromic
D. Macrocytic, normochromic

A

C. Normocytic, normochromic

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3
Q

In leukemia, which term describes a peripheral blood finding of leukocytosis with a shift to the left, accompanied by nucleated red cells?

A. Myelophthisis
B. Dysplasia
C. Leukoerythroblastosis
D. Megaloblastosis

A

C. Leukoerythroblastosis

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4
Q

The basic pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for producing signs and symptoms in leukemia include all of the following except:

A. Replacement of normal marrow precursors by leukemic cells causing anemia
B. Decrease in functional leukocytes causing infection
C. Hemorrhage secondary to thrombocytopenia
D. Decreased erythropoietin production

A

D. Decreased erythropoietin production

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5
Q

Which type of acute myeloid leukemia is called the true monocytic leukemia and follows an acute or subacute course characterized by monoblasts, promonocytes, and monocytes?

A. Acute myeloid leukemia, minimally differentiated
B. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation
C. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia
D. Acute monocytic leukemia

A

D. Acute monocytic leukemia

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6
Q

In which age group does acute lymphoblastic leukemia occur with the highest frequency?

A. 1-15 years
B. 20-35 years
C. 45-60 years
D. 60-75 years

A

A. 1-15 years

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7
Q

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is most often associated with which of the following types of acute leukemia?

A. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation
B. Acute promyelocytic leukemia
C. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia
D. Acute monocytic leukemia

A

B. Acute promyelocytic leukemia

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8
Q

An M:E ratio of 10:1 is most often seen in:

A.Thalassemia
B. Leukemia
C. Polycythemia vera
D. Myelofibrosis

A

B. Leukemia

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9
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of Auer rods?

A.They are composed of azurophilic granules
B.They stain periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive
C.They are predominantly seen in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
D.They are nonspecific esterase positive

A

A.They are composed of azurophilic granules

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10
Q

SITUATION:The following laboratory values are seen:

WBCs = 6.0 × 109/L
RBCs = 1.90 × 1012/L
Platelets = 130 × 109/L
Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid: normal
Hgb = 6.0 g/dL
Hct = 18.5%

WBC Differential:
6% PMNs, 40% lymphocyte, 4% monocytes, 50% blasts

Bone Marrow:
40% myeloblasts, 60% promegaloblasts, 40 megaloblastoid NRBCs/100 WBCs

These results are most characteristic of:

A. Pernicious anemia
B. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation
C. Acute erythroid leukemia
D. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia

A

C. Acute erythroid leukemia

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11
Q

A 24-year-old man with Down syndrome presents with a fever, pallor, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. His CBC results are as follows:

WBCs = 10.8 × 109/L
RBCs = 1.56 × 1012/L
8% PMNs
25% lymphocytes
67% PAS-positive blasts
Hgb = 3.3 g/dL
Hct = 11%
Platelets = 2.5 × 109/L

These findings are suggestive of:

A. Hodgkin’s lymphoma
B. Myeloproliferative disorder
C. Leukemoid reaction
D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

A

D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

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12
Q

SITUATION: A peripheral smear shows 75% blasts. These stain positive for both Sudan Black B (SBB) and peroxidase. Given these values, which of the following disorders is most likely?

A. Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML)
B. CML
C. Acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL)
D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

A

A. Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML)

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13
Q

In myeloid cells, the stain that selectively identifies phospholipid in the membranes of both primary and secondary granules is:

A. PAS
B. Myeloperoxidase
C. Sudan Black B stain
D. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)

A

C. Sudan Black B stain

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14
Q

Sodium fluoride may be added to the naphthyl ASD acetate (NASDA) esterase reaction. The fluoride is added to inhibit a positive reaction with:

A. Megakaryocytes
B. Monocytes
C. Erythrocytes
D. Granulocytes

A

B. Monocytes

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15
Q

Leukemic lymphoblasts reacting with anti-CALLA are characteristically seen in:

A. B-cell ALL
B. T-cell ALL
C. Null-cell ALL
D. Common ALL

A

D. Common ALL

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16
Q

Which of the following reactions are often positive in ALL but are negative in AML?

A. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and PAS
B. Chloroacetate esterase and nonspecific esterase
C. Sudan Black B and peroxidase
D. New methylene blue and acid phosphatase

A

A. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and PAS

17
Q

Which of the following leukemias are included in the 2008 World Health Organization classification of myeloproliferative neoplasms?

A. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
B. Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
C. Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL)
D. All of these options are classified as myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)

A

D. All of these options are classified as myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)

17
Q

A patient’s peripheral blood smear and bone marrow both show 70% blasts. These cells are negative for Sudan Black B stain. Given these data, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Acute myeloid leukemia
B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
C. Acute promyelocytic leukemia
D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

A

D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

18
Q

In addition to morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping, the WHO classification of myelo- and lymphoproliferative disorders is based upon which characteristic?

A. Proteomics
B. Cytogenetic abnormalities
C. Carbohydrate-associated tumor antigen production
D. Cell signaling and adhesion markers

A

B. Cytogenetic abnormalities

19
Q

The WHO classification requires what percentage for the blast count in the blood or bone marrow for the diagnosis of AML?

A. At least 30%
B. At least 20%
C. At least 10%
D. Any percentage

A

B. At least 20%

20
Q

What would be the most likely designation by the WHO for the FAB AML M2 by the French-American-British classification?

A. AML with t(15;17)
B. AML with mixed lineage
C. AML with t(8;21)
D. AML with inv(16)

A

C. AML with t(8;21)

21
Q

What would be the most likely designation by the WHO for the FAB AML M3 by the French-American-British classification?

A. AML with t(15;17)
B. AML with mixed lineage
C. AML with t(8;21)
D. AML with inv(16)

A

A. AML with t(15;17)

22
Q

Which AML cytogenetic abnormality is associated with acute myelomonocytic leukemia with marrow eosinophilia under the WHO classification of AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities?

A. AML with t(15;17)
B. AML with mixed lineage
C. AML with t(8;21)
D. AML with inv(16)

A

D. AML with inv(16)

23
Q

What would be the most likely classification by the WHO for the FAB AML M7 by the French-American-British classification?

A. Acute myeloid leukemias with recurrent genetic abnormalities
B. Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia
C. Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise categorized
D. Acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage

A

C. Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise categorized

Hematology (7 decks)

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