4.1.1-4.1.4 Vocab & processes Flashcards
What is the role of a kidney?
filter blood, regulate fluid volumes, and produce urine that is transferred to the bladder via the ureters
What is the role of a ureter?
To transfer the urine from the kidneys to the bladder
What is the role of the bladder?
To store urine
What is a urethra?
A tube that carries urine from the bladder outside of the body. In females, the urethra is about one to two inches long. In males, the urethra passes through the penis and is about 8 inches long
Where is the nephron?
Located in the renal pyramid
Which structures (in order) make up the nephron?
Afferent arteries, efferent arteries, glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, capillaries, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
What does the glomerulus do?
It filters the blood from the afferent arteries and transfers the filtered blood to the capillaries while the filtrate is transferred to the Bowman’s capsule.
Where does the filtration process happen?
In the glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and proximal convoluted tubules.
Which ions are filtered out?
Ammonia, urea, and toxins
Where does the reabsorption process happen?
In the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule
Which ions are reabsorbed?
Sodium, potassium, calcium, water, magnesium, salt, and glucose
Where does the secretion process happen?
Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct
Which ions are secreted?
Ammonia, urea, and toxins
What is PKD?
When multiple cyst form inside of the kidney (polycystic kidney disease)
What causes PKD?
It’s typically hereditary and is passed on from one family member to another. Otherwise, it can also occur from an improperly formed protein that lead to PKD.
