1.5.1 Computing Related Legislation Flashcards
What is the computer misuse act 1990?
Legislation by the UK Parliament to prevent unauthorised access of data by recognising and defining:
- electronic vandalism
- authorised access
- modifciation to computer systems
- infomation theft
What is the copyright design and patents act 1988?
Legislation by the UK Parliament which prevents the illegal copying or redistribution of literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic works by establishing that copyright exists until 70 after the passing of the creator or 70 years after the creation of the work if the creator is unknown.
What is the data protection act 1998?
Legislation by the UK parliament which required secure, accurate and concise storage of personal data ( both on computer and paper systems) to protect indiviuals from any unreasonable use of their data.
What is the regulation of the Investigatory Powers Act 2000?
Legislation by the UK Parliament to regulate the power of public bodies to carry out surveillance and investigation, covering the interception of communication
What does the computer misuse act primary outline?
Unauthorised access with intent to commit further offences
Unauthorised access to computer materials
Unauthorised modification of computer material
What are the 8 principles of the data protection act?
Data is….
Only held for specific reasons
Collected and used fairly and inside the law
Only use for the registered purpose it was intended
Kept accurate and up-to-date
Adequate, relevant, and not excessive
Kept safe and secure
Not kept longer than necessary
Not transfer outside the EEA unless the country has data protection
What rights does the data protection act give data subjects? (7 points)
Right of subject access
Right of correction
Right to prevent distress
Right to prevent direct marketing
Right to prevent automatic decisions
Right of complaint to the information commissioner
Right to compensation
Who is the Dark Overlord? (Computer misuse act)
The Dark Overlord (TDO) hacking group which stole data from various organisations demanded huge ransoms for its return.
What did the Dark overlord do? (Computer misuse act)
The crimes the TDO has claimed responsibility for include:
- hacking three healthcare organisations and selling more than 650,000 patient records on the dark web
- hacking Netflix and leaking episodes of Orange is the New Black
- sold more than 9.3 million patient records from an unnamed healthcare insurance provider
Who is Callum brown and what did he do? (computer misuse act)
Callum Brown, a 19-year-old was charged with carrying out an unauthorised attack on a computer system, possessing articles in connection with fraud and securing unauthorised access to computer material.
The cyber attack cluttered up the company’s system and left some business arrangements in chaos for a brief period. A total of 55 folders containing more than 2,000 company files were taken from the system.
What is the data subject?
Data subject: has data about them stored somewhere
What is the data controller?
Data controller: determines what data an organisation collects and how it is collected, processed and stored
What is a data comissioner?
Data commissioner: Has the power to enforce the Data Protection Act - this is an independent public body that reports directly to parliament and is appointed by the crown
What is personal data?
Personal data (Name, address, banking details, date of birth, financial transactions)
What is sensistive data?
Sensitive data (Nationality, ethnicity, political beliefs, trade union membership, biometrics, health, sexual orientation). Sensitive data is subject to additional legal protections.
How does amazon relate to the data protection act?
Amazon has been hit with an $886.6m (£636m) fine for allegedly breaking European Union data protection laws. The fine was issued by Luxembourg’s National Commission for Data Protection, which claimed the tech giant’s processing of personal data did not comply with EU law.
Amazon said it believed the fine to be “without merit”, adding that it would defend itself “vigorously”.
What is intellectual property?
Intellectual property refers to anything you create using your mind, for example, a story, invention, artistic work, or symbol.
How are intellectual properties protected by laws like the copyright, design and patents act?
Copyright - the legal term used to describe the rights a creator has over their work
Patents - are an exclusive right granted for an invention. They provide the owner with the right to decide if or how their invention can be used by others.
Licensing
Trademarks
How does apple and samsung relate to the copyright, design and patents act?
A US court has ordered South Korea’s Samsung Electronics pay $539m (£403m) in damages for copying features of Apple’s original iPhone. It began in 2011 when Apple argued Samsung had infringed on some patents.
Apple was awarded $ 1.05 billion in damages a year later but the rivals have fought over the final amount ever since. In the latest court ruling, most of the damages payment - $533.3m - was awarded for infringing three Apple design patents. The remainder was for violating two patented functions.
Which bodies does RIPA grant access to public infomation?
The police
Sercuity services
Environmental protection
Agency
Office of Fair Trading
Serious fraud office
Under RIPA what is allowed/demanded?
- Demands that ISPs (internet service providers) provide access to customer communications
- Prevents the existence of interception activities being revealed in court
- Allows mass surveillance of communications
- Allows monitoring of an individual’s internet activities
- Demands that access be granted to protected digital information
- Demands the ISPs install equipment that facilitates surveillance
What does RIPA dictate that ISPs must do?
Provide access to digital communications and their archives and internet activities when asked.
Implement hardware and software systems that facilitate the surveillance of digital communications
What does RIPA dictate that businesses must do?
Provide access to digital communications or data when asked
Implement a hardware and software solution that facilitates the storage of digital communications
What are 4 concerns fo RIPA?
Freedom of speech
Unnecessary censorship
Improper use of the RIPA
Invasion of privacy
Who is Edward snowden and what did he do?
Edward Snowden, an ex-NSA contractor, leaked classified data in 2013 revealing the agency’s mass surveillance of global communications. The disclosures showed the NSA’s ability to track individuals’ activities through phones, social media, and online services, often with cooperation from U.S. tech companies, who claimed they were legally compelled. Civil rights groups argued this surveillance exceeded legal limits, while the NSA justified it with the rationale: “If you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear.”
