1.3.4 Web Technologies Flashcards
What are cascading style sheets (CSS)?
A style language used to define the layout, design, and presentation of a webpage written in a markup language
What is client-side processing?
The data processing and operations performed by the client. The clients browser runs the processing using the user local computer resources. Typically used to run less critical code
What is HyperText markup language (HTML)?
A markup language used to write the contents of webpages on the world wide web
What is Javascript?
An interpreted, object-oriented programming language used to create interactive elements within web browsers for adding functionality to dynamic web pages
What is server-side processing?
The data processing and operations performed by the web server. Data is sent from the clients browser to the web server for secure processing, and the output is sent back to the client
What is the difference between the head and the body of HTML?
The head contains the title of the webpage and the body contains the content of the webpage.
What does the <html> mean?
All code written within these tags is interpreted as HTML
What does the <body> tag do ?
Defines the content in the main content area of the webpage
What does the <link></link> tag do?
Used to link to additional files, including CSS stylesheets
What does the <head> tag do?
Defines the browser tab or window heading area
What does the <title> tag do?</title>
Defines the text that appears with the tab or window heading area
What do the.. <h1>, <h2>, <h3> do ?
Heading styles in decreasing sizes
What does the <p> tag do?
Is used to define a paragraph separated with a line space above and below
What is the <img></img> tag used for?
It is used for images. This is a self-closing tag, which means that there is no need to include a closing tag (</img> ) when using it. The following tag parameters must also be included when using this tag: src (source), height=x, width=y)
What is the <a> tag used for?</a>
<a> is an anchor tag that defines a hyperlink with the location parameter, and is laid out in the following form:
<a> link text </a></a>
What is the <ol> tag used for?
<ol> is used to define an ordered list. Each element within the list is defined using the <li> tag.
</li></ol>
What is the <ul> tag used for?
<ul> defines an unordered list. Each element within the list is defined using the <li> tag.
</li></ul>
What does the <div> tag do?
<div> divides a page into separate areas, each which can be referred to uniquely by name.
The following syntax is used when creating a division with the name page: <div id= “page”>
</div>
What are classes and indentifiers?
Classes and identifiers are attributes given to elements on a webpage which you wish to style in a particular way.
What is the advantage of classes?
Multiple elements across web pages can be assigned to a certain class. This means elements can follow a consistent style, and the styling/ formatting only has to be defined once.
How are classes defined?
Classes are defined using a full stop
.name { background-color: green; border: 1px solid black;
}
What is the difference between classes and identifiers?
Identifiers are a unique name given to an element on a web page. Whereas a class name can be used by multiple elements, only one element can be associated with a particular identifier.
How are identifiers defined?
Using a hashtag
#name { background-color: green; border: 1px solid black;
}
How can CSS be used? (2)
CSS can be used in two different forms: internal/embedded CSS or external CSS
What is the difference between internal and external CSS?
Internal/embedded CSS is placed inside the style tags and is entered directly into the HTML document.
Meanwhile external CSS is written in a separate document and a link to this style sheet is added to the HTML document.
What is an example of CSS syntax?
body{
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
background-color: white;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: 18px;
Text-align: center;
}
How do you add an external style sheet to a header?
<link href= “nameofstylesheet.css” rel= “stylesheet” type=“text/css”>
What are 3 advantages of Javascript?
Local computer can deal with invalid data before it is sent off to the servers
Eases the load on busy servers
Reduces web traffic
How do you change the attributes of a HTML element using Javascript?
chosenElement = document.getElementById(“example”);
chosenElement.innerHTML = “Hello World”;
How do you write directly to the document using Javascript?
document.write(“Hello World”);
How do you display an alert box using Javascript?
alert(“Hello World”);
