15.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

sexual reproduction transmits genetic information through cycles of meiosis and fertilzation

A
  1. germ-line cells carry out meiosis to produce haploid gametes
  2. haploid gametes fuse to produce diploid zygote
  3. zygote inherits genetic material from 2 parents
  4. mitosis
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2
Q

meisos is similar to mitosis

A

both use microtubule based spindle machine
both segregate condensed DNA molcuels to 2 daughter cells
both include prophase, metaphase, anapase, and telophase

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3
Q

meiosis has ket feautres that disitnguish if from mitosis

A

2 rounds of division (meiosis 1 and 2)
only 1 round of DNA replication
synapsis
crossing over

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4
Q

synapsis

A

association between homologus chromosome pairs in meiosis 1
-occurs during early prophase 1
-homologous chromosomes become closely associated
-involves formation of synaptonemal complex
also called a tetrad or bivalent

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5
Q

crossing over

A

homologues exchange DNA segments
-allows the homologues to exchange chromosomal material
-genetic recombination between nonsister chromatids
-alleles of genes that were formerly on separate homologues can now be found on the homologue
-sites of crossing over are termed chiasmate
-contact maintained until anaphase 1

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6
Q

meiosis 2

A

meiosis 2 occurs after an interval of variable length
-DNA replication is suppressed between meiosis 1 and meiosis 2
-resembled a mitotic division=> separation of sister chromatids

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7
Q
A
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