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150 Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

New land and spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

Jointstock company that made Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

Virginia company established this. Easy to defend

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4
Q

John Smith

A

Husband of Pocahontas. Built ties with powhatans. Forced settlers to work

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Saved John smiths life. Brought some peace between British/native Americans after marriage to Rolfe

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Married Pocahontas. Learned how to grow tobacco and sold it

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Saved Jamestown. Jamestown depended on this

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Showed gov’t that it could not ignore demands of its people. Attacked Native American villages

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Colonists that went off track and landed at a place they called Plymouth

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists that came to America. Someone who undertakes a religious journey

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

Supply ship that carried the pilgrims to America

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12
Q

Mayflower compact

A

Organized orderly gov’t signed on the mayflower. Key step for America

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

Most famous for writing Of Plymouth Plantation

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Showed pilgrams how to grow corn beans and squash

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Little toleration for for other religions

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

Formed in 1629 to escape religious persecution

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of mass bay colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Founded Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

Series of hearings and persecutions of people accused of witch craft

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20
Q

William Penn

A

Founded Pennsylvania

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Protestant ground that had been persecuted in England. Founded Pennsylvania aka pacifists

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

No fighting

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious revival that swept thru colonies. All people r equal

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25
Triangular Trade
Slaves crops and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, Caribbean, and the colonies
26
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
PRA-Franklin wrote this. Collection of sayings such as "a penny saved is a penny earned" ABU-1 General gov't. Designed to help colonies defend themselves from the French Join or die-First political cartoon by Benjamin Franklin
27
John Peter Zenger Trial
Criticized the gov't and was thrown in jail
28
Cause of French and Indian War
Wanted to control the fur trade
29
Proclamation of 1763
Stopped western expansion. Control fur trade
30
The Sugar Act
Lowered tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling
31
The Stamp Act
Placed tax on almost all printed material
32
The Boston Massacre
Used as propaganda. Tow shed acts repealed. Ga e east India trading company the right to ship test to colonies
33
The Boston Tea Party
Sons of Liberty boarded a ship and dumped it all out in the river
34
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Intended to punish Massachusetts as a reaction to Boston tea party
35
Patrick Henry
"I am not a Virginian, but an American
36
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Secret society formed to protect the colonists rights and fight taxation
37
John Hancock
First person to sign the Declaration of Independence
38
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Encouraged people to fight for independence
39
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
1776,Philadelphia Thomas Jefferson and to explain why the colonies chose to form a new nation
40
Cause of American Revolution war
People in the colonies were still divided and GB wouldn't let the colonies go without a fight
41
Loyalists
GB side
42
Patriots
Colonists
43
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Showed dispute between colonists and GB had worsened
44
Battle of Saratoga
Turning point
45
Winter at Valley Forge
Terrible suffering
46
Battle of Yorktown
End of war. Colonists and French surrounded Cornwallis and troops
47
Benedict Arnold
Hero of Saratoga. Didn't get promotion he thought he deserved so switched to British
48
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
49
Marquis de La Fayette
Believed future of America had a great influence on future of mankind
50
Friedrich von Steuben
Taught continental army the essentials of military drill and discipline
51
Francis Marion
Swamp fox. Father of guerilla warfare
52
guerrilla warfare
Hit and run war technique
53
Treaty of Paris 1783
GB recognized US as an independent nation
54
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created one territory out of the lands north of Ohio river and east of Mississippi River
55
Articles of Confederation
Nov 1777. Americas first constitution
56
Shays’ Rebellion
Uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight gov'ts taxes on poor farmers
57
The Great Compromise
Franklin created a committee which established the model for congress used to this day
58
The 3/5 Compromise
Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of 1 person for representation
59
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison 1787. Crestes the 3 branches of gov't, checks and balances, and divides power between state and federal govt
60
Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments of the constitution. Limits power of the gov't and protects right of people
61
1 | st Amendment
Freedom of speech religion press assembly petition
62
2 | nd Amendment
Right to bear arms and for states to be able to maintain a militia
63
4 | th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
64
5 | th Amendment
Natural rights can't be deprived without DUE PROCESS OF LAW
65
6 | th Amendment
Right to a speedy public trial you an impartial jury.
66
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
L-makes laws E-carries out laws J-interprets laws and declares laws or presidential acts r unconstitutional
67
Whiskey Rebellion
Civil uprising against the taxing power of federal gov't
68
Alexander Hamilton
First secretary of treasury
69
Alien and Sedition Acts
A-allowed president to deport aliens that he thought were dangerous S-crime to criticize the gov't
70
John Sevier
First governor of TN
71
Natchez Trace
Allowed farmers to get back to TN after selling their crops down the Mississippi River
72
Marbury v Madison
Established judicial review. First time surprise court decided something unconstitutional. Madison won
73
Judicial review
Court can nullify actions of other branches
74
McCulloch v Maryland
Over states. Marshall ruled that Maryland had no right to tax the bank bc the court didn't want states to have that much power

Us History (12 decks)

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