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Anaphy Chap 1: The Human Organism > 1.5 Terminology and Body Plan > Flashcards

1.5 Terminology and Body Plan Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have changed throughout history.

A

Etymology

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2
Q

Language that most anatomical terms are derived from

A

Greek and Latin

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3
Q

Person standing upright with the face directed forward, upper limbs to the sides, and palms of the hand facing forward.

A

Anatomical Position

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4
Q

Lying face upward

A

Supine

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5
Q

Lying face downward

A

Prone

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6
Q

What is the point of reference for anatomical structures

A

their position on the body not the position of the body compared to the earth.

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7
Q

Describe parts of the body relative to each other.

A

Directional Terms

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8
Q

3 parts of central region

A

Head, Neck, Trunk

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9
Q

Chest cavity where heart and lungs are located

A

Thorax

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10
Q

Contains organs such as the liver, stomach, and intestines

A

Abdomen

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11
Q

Contains the bladder and reproductive organs

A

Pelvis

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12
Q

Where does the two imaginary lines intersect when subdividing the abdomen into four quadrants

A

Navel

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13
Q

Four quadrants of the Abdomen

A
  1. Right-upper
  2. Left-upper
  3. Right-lower
  4. Left-lower
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14
Q

Nine regions of the abdomen

A
  1. Epigastric
  2. Right Hypochondriac
  3. Left Hypochondriac
  4. Umbilical
  5. Right Lumbar
  6. Left Lumbar
  7. Hypogastric
  8. Right Iliac
  9. Left Iliac
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15
Q

Parts of the upper limb

A

Arm, Forearm, wrist, hand

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16
Q

Where does the arm start and end?

A

Shoulder to elbow

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17
Q

Where does the forearm start and end?

A

Elbow to wrist

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18
Q

Parts of the lower limb

A

Thigh, leg, ankle, foot

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19
Q

Where does the thigh start and end?

A

Hip to knee

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20
Q

Where does the leg start and end?

A

Knee to ankle

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21
Q

Describing the body as having imaginary flat surfaces passing through it.

A

Planes

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22
Q

Use of Planes in anatomy and Physiology?

A

Divides or sections the body, making it possible to “look inside” and observe the body’s structures.

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23
Q

separates the body or a structure into right and left halves.

A

Sagittal Plane

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24
Q

Meaning of sagittal

A

“the flight of an arrow” and refers to the way the body would be split by an arrow passing anteriorly to posteriorly.

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25
Q

sagittal plane that passes through the midline of the body, dividing it into equal right and left halves.

A

Median Plane

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26
Q

runs parallel to the ground, dividing the body into superior and inferior portions.

A

Transverse (Horizontal) Plane

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27
Q

divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) halves.

A

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

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28
Q

cuts completely through an organ, similar to cutting a hot dog or banana into round pieces.

A

Transverse Section or Cross Section

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28
Q

is a cut along the length of the organ, similar to the cut along a hot dog bun.

A

Longitudinal Section

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29
Q

a cut that is made diagonally across the long axis

A

Oblique Section

30
Q

Two types of Internal Cavity

A

Dorsal and Ventral

31
Q

encloses the organs of the nervous system, the brain and spinal cord.

A

Dorsal Body Cavity

32
Q

2 subdivisions of Dorsal Body Cavity

A

a. cranial cavity
b. Vertebral canal

33
Q

Houses the brain (Subdivision of dorsal body cavity)

A

Cranial cavity

34
Q

Houses spinal cord (Subdivision of dorsal body cavity)

A

Vertebral Canal

35
Q

houses the vast majority of our internal organs

A

Ventral Body Cavity

36
Q

Collective term for internal organs

A

Viscera

37
Q

2 subdivisions of the ventral body cavity

A

Thoracic Cavity, Abdominopelvic cavity

38
Q

more superior to the abdominopelvic cavity and houses primarily the heart and lungs, among other organs.

A

Thoracic Cavity

39
Q

Sections of the thoracic cavity

A

Two Lateral Pleural Cavities, Medial Mediastinum

40
Q

Each enclosing a lung, and is surrounded by the ribs

A

Two Lateral Pleural Cavities

41
Q

Houses the heart and its major blood vessels, in addition to the thymus, trachea, and esophagus

A

Medial Mediastinum

42
Q

is enclosed by abdominal muscles.

A

Abdominopelvic cavity

43
Q

Where are the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity housed?

A

Peritoneal cavity

44
Q

Sections of the abdominopelvic cavity

A

More superior abdominal cavity, more inferior pelvic cavity.

45
Q

contains the majority of the digestive organs, such as the stomach, the intestines, and the liver, in addition to the spleen

A

abdominal cavity

46
Q

continues below the pelvis and contains the urinary bladder, urethra, rectum of the large intestine, and reproductive organs

A

pelvic cavity

47
Q

membranes that the walls of the body and the surface are in contact with

A

Serous membranes

48
Q

Double layer of the serous membrane

A

Parietal and Visceral Serous membrane

49
Q

Layer that lines the walls of the cavities

A

Parietal Serous Membrane

50
Q

Layer covering the internal organs or the viscera.

A

Visceral Serous Membrane

51
Q

Peri-, _______; cardi-, ______

A

Peri-, around; cardi-, heart

52
Q

Contains the heart, housed in the mediastinum.

A

Pericardial Cavity

53
Q

Name of the parietal serous membrane in the pericardial cavity

A

Parietal Pericardium

54
Q

Name of the visceral serous membrane in the pericardial cavity

A

visceral pericardium

55
Q

Space between two pericardial membrane

A

Pericardial Cavity

56
Q

Fluid in the pericardial cavity

A

Pericardial fluid

57
Q

Name of the parietal serous membrane in the pleural cavity

A

parietal pleura

58
Q

Name of the visceral serous membrane covering the lungs

A

visceral pleura

59
Q

Space between two pleural membrane

A

pleural cavity

60
Q

Fluid in the pleural cavity

A

pleural fluid

61
Q

peri-, _______; -tonos-, ________

A

peri-, around; -tonos-, stretched

62
Q

houses many internal organs, such as the liver, the digestive organs, and the reproductive organs.

A

Peritoneal Cavity

63
Q

Name the parietal serous membrane in the peritoneal cavity

A

Parietal peritoneum

64
Q

Name the visceral serous membrane in the peritoneal cavity

A

Visceral peritoneum

65
Q

Specific location of the peritoneal cavity?

A

Space between two serous membranes

66
Q

regions of double-folded visceral peritoneum

A

Mesenteries

66
Q

Fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

peritoneal fluid

67
Q

provide a pathway for nerves and blood vessels to reach the digestive organs.

A

Mesenteries

68
Q

Conditions caused by inflammation of serous membranes

A
  1. Pericarditis
  2. Pleurisy
  3. Peritonitis
69
Q

Inflammation of the pericardium

A

Pericarditis

70
Q

Inflammation of the pleura

A

Pleurisy

71
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneum

A

Peritonitis

Anaphy Chap 1: The Human Organism (7 decks)

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