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Anaphy Chap 1: The Human Organism > 1.2 Structural and Functional Organization of the Human Body > Flashcards

1.2 Structural and Functional Organization of the Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

Six levels of organization

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Cell
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. Organ System
  6. Organism
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2
Q

Simplest level of organization in the human body

A

Atom

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3
Q

Involves how atoms, such as hydrogen and carbon, interact and combine into molecules

A

Chemical Level

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4
Q

What does a molecule’s structure determine?

A

It’s function

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5
Q

Give an example on how a molecule’s structure determine its function.

A

Collagen molecules are strong, ropelike fibers that give skin strength and stability.

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6
Q

Are the basic structural and functional unit of organisms

A

Cells (Cell Level)

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7
Q

Smaller structures inside the cell that carry out specific functions.

A

Organelles

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8
Q

Group of similar cells and materials surrounding them

A

Tissue (Tissue Level)

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9
Q

What does the characteristic of cells and surrounding material determine?

A

Determines the function of the tissue

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10
Q

Four primary types of tissue

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

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11
Q

Composed of two or more tissue types that perform common functions

A

Organ (Organ Level)

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12
Q

Group or organs that perform a common function

A

Organ system (Organ System Level)

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13
Q

Number of major organ system

A

11

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14
Q

Any living thing considered as a whole, whether compose of one cell (Bacterium) or trillions (Humans)?

A

Organism (Organism Level)

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15
Q

Eleven Major Organ Systems

A
  1. Nervous
  2. Integumentary
  3. Respiratory
  4. Digestive
  5. Muscular
  6. Skeletal
  7. Cardiovascular
  8. Lymphatic
  9. Endocrine
  10. Urinary
  11. Reproductive (Male and Female)
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16
Q

Provides protection, regulates temperature, prevents water loss, and helps produce vitamin D.

A

Integumentary System

17
Q

Integumentary system consists of?

A

Skin, hair, nails. sebaceous glands, and sweat glands

18
Q

Provides protection and support, allows body movements, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and adipose tissue.

A

Skeletal

19
Q

Produces body movements, maintains posture, and produces body heat.

A

Muscular system

19
Q

Skeletal system consists of?

A

Bones, Associated Cartilages, ligaments , and joints

19
Q

Muscular system consists of?

A

Muscles attached to connective tissue sheets or the skeleton by tendons.

20
Q

A major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements, physiological processes, and intellectual functions.

A

Nervous System

21
Q

Nervous system consists of?

A

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors

22
Q

A major regulatory system that influences metabolism, growth, reproduction, and many other functions.

A

Endocrine system

23
Q

Endocrine system consists of?

A

Endocrine glands (Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, gonads, and other hormone secreting tissues.

24
Q

Transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body; plays a role in the immune response and the regulation of body temp.

A

Cardiovascular System

25
Q

Cardiovascular system consists of?

A

Heart, blood vessels, and blood

26
Q

Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, maintains tissue fluid balance, and absorbs, dietary fats from the digestive tract.

A

Lymphatic system

27
Q

Lymphatic system consists of?

A

Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, and other lymphatic tissues.

28
Q

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air and regulates blood pH.

A

Respiratory System

29
Q

Respiratory system consists of?

A

Lungs, diaphragm, and respiratory passages

30
Q

Performs the mechanical and chemical processes of digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of wastes.

A

Digestive system

31
Q

Digestive system consists of?

A

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, gall bladder, liver, intestines, and other accessory organs

31
Q

Removes waste product from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance.

A

Urinary System

32
Q

Urinary system consists of?

A

Kidney, ureters, urethra, and urinary bladder

33
Q

Produces oocytes and is the site of fertilization and fetal development; produces milk for the newborn; produces hormones that influence sexual function and behaviors.

A

Female Reproductive System

34
Q

Female Reproductive system consists of?

A

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, and associated structures.

35
Q

Produces and transfers sperm cells to the female and produces hormones that influence sexual functions and behaviors.

A

Male Reproductive system

36
Q

Male Reproductive system consists of?

A

Testes, accessory structures, ducts, and penis

Anaphy Chap 1: The Human Organism (7 decks)

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