15 Oral Cavity and Pharynx Flashcards
Fill in the missing labels:
The tongue has intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. How many intrinsic muscles are there, how are they orientated and which nerve are they innervated by?
- 4 paired intrinsic muscles
- 3 axis of orientation
- Hypoglossal nerve innervation (CN XII)
Identify the extrinsic muscles of the tongue on the following diagram:
Which nerves supply the special sensory and general sensory innervation to the tongue?
Via which ducts does saliva enter the oral cavity?
- Parotid: Stensen duct (medial and superior to second molar)
- Submandibular: Wharton duct (under tongue)
- Sublingual: multiple ducts- floor of oral cavity
What is sialolithiasis? How is it caused? What are the symptoms? How is it diagnosed?
- What?
- Salivary gland stones (most in submandibular glands)
- How is it caused?
- Dehydration, reduced salivary flow
- Symptoms?
- Pain in gland
- Swelling
- Infection
- Diagnosis?
- X-ray, sialogram (dye)
What causes tonislitis? What are the symptoms?
- Viral- most common
- Bacterial- up to 40%
- Strep pyogenes
Symptoms:
- Fever
- Sore throat
- Dysphagia
- Bad breath
How might a peritonsillar abscess be caused? What are the symptoms?
What are the boundaries of the nasopahrynx?
If a patient has enlarged adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils), what symptoms might they present with?
What are the boundaries of the oropharynx and which tonsils are contained within it?
What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?
Name the 3 muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx during swallowing and state their innervations. (2 are identifiable on this diagram)
Stylopharyngeus- CN IX
Palatopharyngeus- Pharyngeal branch of vagus, CN X
Salpingopharyngeus- Pharyngeal branch of vagus, CN X
Name and identify the 3 circular muscles that constrict the walls of the pharynx during swallows and what nerve are they innervated by?
What is a pharyngeal pouch?
Posteromedial diverticulum
- in weakness between 2 parts of inferior constrictor muscle (Killian’s dehiscence