15. Genetics and the study of variation Flashcards
1
Q
What is a genotype?
A
genotypes describes the genetic constitution of an organism
2
Q
What is a phenotype?
A
Phenotype describes morphological, biochemical and behavioural properties of an organism resulting from a specific genotype and its interaction with the environment
3
Q
What is the genome?
A
The total amount of genetic material in a chromosome set
4
Q
What are the three factors giving rise to variation?
A
- Environmental factors
- Genetic factors
- Both
5
Q
What is an example of an environmental factor giving rise to variation?
A
Alcohol during pregnancy may cause FASD
6
Q
What is epigenetic?
A
Changes in gene expression that do not involve changes in DNA
- They may be passed from cell to cell, parent to offspring
