1. Classification

Question 1

What is taxonomy?

Answer 1

The nomenclature which is for naming organisms

Question 2

What is systematics?

Answer 2

Study of diversity which reveals evolutionary relationships

Question 3

What are the rules of Linnaeus’ binomial system?

Answer 3

Each species is known by a genus and a species name

• Names in latin and italicised
• Genus name capitalised but species name lower case

Question 4

What is the taxonomy hierarchy?

Answer 4

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 5

What does a monophyletic group entail?

Answer 5

A single common ancestor for all members in that group not shared with any other species

Question 6

What is a paraphyletic group?

Answer 6

Includes common ancestor but not all its descendants

Question 7

What is a polyphyletic group?

Answer 7

Does not include common ancestor

Question 8

What is neutral variation in DNA?

Answer 8

Neutral means that the change in DNA sequence has no effect on the fitness of the organism.

Question 9

What are some examples of neutral changes in DNA sequence?

Answer 9

• Non coding regions of the genome
• Changes in DNA sequence in genes that do not impact the protein sequence
• Changes that lead to different protein sequences without impacting protein function